Pelvis and Perineum Flashcards
Describe the differences between the male and female pelvis (2).
Male: acute angle between inferior pubic rami; narrower iliac crest
Female: obtuse angle between inferior pubic rami; wider iliac crest
Describe the true and false pelvises.
The true and false pelvises are divide by the arcuate line. The false pelvis is really the lowermost part of the abdominal cavity. It lies between iliac fossae. The true plevis is found inferior to the superior pelvic aperture and contains the pelvic viscera.
What is the pelvic diaphragm and what are its components?
The pelvic diaphragm forms the floor of the pelvis and separates the pelvis from the perineum. It is made up of levator ani, coccygeus, and pelvic fascia (parietal and visceral)
What is the origin of levator ani?
- Body of pubis
- Arcus tendineus
- Ischial spine
What is the insertion of levator ani?
- Perineal body
- Coccyx
- Anococcygeal raphe
- Walls of prostate or vagina
- Rectum
- Anal canal
What is the function of levator ani?
- Supports pelvic viscera
2. Raises pelvic floor
What are the components of levator ani?
- Iliococcygeus
2. Pubococcygeus
What are the components of pubococcygeus?
- Puborectalis
- True pubococcygeus
- Pubovaginalis OR puboprostaticus
What is the origin of coccygeus?
- Ischial spine
2. Sacrospinous ligament
What is the insertion of coccygeus?
- Inferior sacrum
2. Coccyx
What is the function of coccygeus?
- Supports pelvic viscera
2. Draws coccyx forward
What forms the lateral pelvic wall?
Obturator internus
What forms the posterior pelvic wall?
Piriformis
What is found below the pelvic diaphragm? What does it do?
Urogenital diaphragm; provides a solid support for pelvic viscera
What pelvic ligament joins two pubic bones?
Pubic symphysis
What does the sacroiliac ligament connect?
Sacral and iliac tuberosities
What does the iliolumbar ligament connect?
L5 transverse process and iliac crest
What does the sacrotuberous ligament connect?
Sacrum/coccyx and ischial tuberosity
What does the sacrospinous ligament connect?
Sacrum and ischial spine
What does the inguinal ligament connect?
ASIS and pubic tubercle
What forms the greater and lesser sciatic foramen?
Sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments
The uterus is ___ at the junction of the uterus and cervix and ___ at the junction of the vagina and cervix.
Anteflexed; anteverted
What are the four parts of the fallopian tubes beginning from the uterus?
- Isthmus
- Ampulla
- Infundibulum
- Fimbriae
Describe the path of the various vesicles in the male reproductive system.
The vas deferens enters the abdomen through the deep inguinal ring. The seminal vesicle join the distal end of the vas deferens to form the ejaculatory duct near the back of the bladder.
