9.27.16 Joints of the Upper Extremity

Question 1

What type(s) of joint is the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 1

Multiaxial, synovial, ball and socket

Question 2

What is the most easily dislocated joint?

Answer 2

Glenhumeral joint

Question 3

What is a joint capsule?

Answer 3

Envelope surrounding a synovial joint

Question 4

What type(s) of movement does the joint capsule of the glenohumeral joint allow?

Answer 4

Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, protraction, retraction, circumduction

Question 5

Where is the coracohumeral ligament connected?

Answer 5

Coronoid process to greater tubercle humerus

Question 6

Where is the transverse humeral ligament connected?

Answer 6

Greater and lesser tubercles of the humerus

Question 7

What does the transverse humeral ligament do?

Answer 7

Holds the tendon of the long head of biceps in place

Question 8

Where is the glenohumeral ligament connected?

Answer 8

Supraglenoid tubercle to lesser tubercle humerus

Question 9

What is the glenoid labrum of the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 9

Fibrocartilaginous ligament surrounding margin of glenoid cavity; deepens socket

Question 10

What are the three bursae of the glenohumeral joint and what do they do?

Answer 10

Subacromial, subdeltoid, subscapular; Allows greater ease of movement

Question 11

What type(s) of joint is the acromioclavicular (AC) joint?

Answer 11

Synovial planar

Question 12

What type(s) of movement does the joint capsule of the acromioclavicular joint allow?

Answer 12

Gliding movement as arm is raised and scapular rotates

Question 13

Where is the acromioclavicular ligament connected?

Answer 13

Acromion process to clavicle

Question 14

What are the two types of coracoclavicular ligaments?

Answer 14

Conoid (medial); trapezoid (lateral)

Question 15

What do the coracoclavicular ligaments do?

Answer 15

Reinforce joint; stabilize clavicle

Question 16

What type(s) of joint is the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 16

Saddle-type synovial joint with disc

Question 17

What does the sternoclavicular joint do?

Answer 17

Anchors upper extremity to axial skeleton

Question 18

What type(s) of movement does the joint capsule of the sternoclavicular joint allow?

Answer 18

Elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, circumduction

Question 19

Where are the sternoclavicular ligaments connected?

Answer 19

Clavicle and manubrium; anterior and posterior segments

Question 20

Where are the interclavicular ligaments connected?

Answer 20

Between clavicles

Question 21

Where are the costoclavicular ligaments connected?

Answer 21

Clavicle to 1st rib

Question 22

What do the costoclavicular ligaments do?

Answer 22

Anchor clavicle to first rib

Question 23

The tendons of the four ___ muscles help stabilize the scapulohumeral joint without inhibiting the extensive range of motion at the shoulder.

Answer 23

Rotator cuff (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis)

Question 24

What type(s) of joint is the humero-ulnar (elbow) joint?

Answer 24

Uniaxial, synovial, hinge joint (ginglymus)

Question 25

What type(s) of movement does the joint capsule of the humero-ulnar joint allow?

Answer 25

Flexion and extension

Question 26

Where is the ulnar collateral ligament connected?

Answer 26

Medial epicondyle to coronoid process and olecranon of elbow

Question 27

What is distinct about the ulnar collateral ligament?

Answer 27

Triangular ligament with distinct bands

Question 28

Where is the radial collateral ligament connected?

Answer 28

Lateral epicondyle to radial notch of ulna and annular ligament

Question 29

What type(s) of joint is the proximal radio-ulnar joint?

Answer 29

Uniaxial, synovial, pivot joint

Question 30

Where is the annular ligament connected?

Answer 30

Surrounds radial head and radial notch of ulna

Question 31

What does the annular ligament do?

Answer 31

Keeps head of radius in notch; permits pronation and supination

Question 32

What is the interosseous membrane?

Answer 32

Fibrous joint (syndesmosis) uniting the radius and the ulna; divides forearm into anterior and posterior compartments; serves as site of muscle attachment for both anterior and posterior compartment muscles

Question 33

What type(s) of joint is the distal radio-ulnar (wrist) joint?

Answer 33

Uniaxial, synovial

Question 34

What type(s) of movement does the joint capsule of the distal radio-ulnar joint allow?

Answer 34

Pronation and supination

Question 35

The joint capsule of the distal radio-ulnar joint extends from the ulnar ___ around the ulnar ___ of radius.

Answer 35

Head; notch

Question 36

Where are the palmar and dorsal radio-ulnar ligaments connected?

Answer 36

Extend transversely between radius and ulna

Question 37

What type(s) of joint is the radiocarpal joint?

Answer 37

Biaxial, synovial, ellipsoid

Question 38

What type of movement(s) does the joint capsule of the radiocarpal joint allow?

Answer 38

Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction of the wrist

Question 39

The joint capsule of the radiocarpal joint extends from the ___ to ___, and the ___ to ___.

Answer 39

Radius to scaphoid; lunate and triquetrum

Question 40

Where is the palmar radiocarpal ligament connected?

Answer 40

Radius to scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum

Question 41

Which ligament is strong and which is weak - palmar radiocarpal ligament and dorsal radiocarpal ligament?

Answer 41

Strong: palmar radiocarpal ligament Weak: dorsal radiocarpal ligament

Question 42

Where is the dorsal radiocarpal ligament connected?

Answer 42

Radius to scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum

Question 43

Where is the radial collateral ligament connected?

Answer 43

Radius to scaphoid and triquetrum

Question 44

What does the radial collateral ligament do?

Answer 44

Helps stabilize proximal row of carpals

Question 45

Where is the ulnocarpal ligament connected?

Answer 45

Styloid process of ulna to medial side of triquetral bone (dorsal) and the pisiform and flexor retinaculum (palmar)

Question 46

The articular disc of the ulnar-carpal joint covers the ___ end of ulna.

Answer 46

Distal

Question 47

Where is the ulnar collateral ligament connected?

Answer 47

Ulna to triquetral and pisiform bones

Question 48

What does the ulnar collateral ligament?

Answer 48

Helps stabilize proximal row of carpals

Question 49

What type(s) of joint is the intercarpal joint?

Answer 49

Synovial plane

Question 50

What type of movement(s) is permitted by the intercarpal joints?

Answer 50

Gliding and sliding

Question 51

The bones of the intercarpal joints are joined by what three ligaments?

Answer 51

Anterior, posterior, and interosseous ligaments

Question 52

What type of movement(s) is permitted by the carpometacarpal joints?

Answer 52

Gliding

Question 53

What type(s) of joint is the carpometacarpal joint?

Answer 53

Plane, synovial

Question 54

What type(s) of joint is the trapeziometacarpal (thumb) joint?

Answer 54

Biaxial, saddle

Question 55

What type(s) of movement is permitted by the trapeziometacarpal joint?

Answer 55

Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and opposition of thumb

Question 56

What type(s) of joints are the metacarpophalangeal joints?

Answer 56

Biaxial, condyloid synovial

Question 57

What type(s) of movement is permitted by the metacarpophalangeal joints?

Answer 57

Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction of individual fingers

Question 58

What type(s) of joints are the interphalangeal joints?

Answer 58

Uniaxial, synovial

Question 59

What type(s) of movement is permitted by the interphalangeal joints?

Answer 59

Flexion and extension ONLY