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SHB > 10.18.16 Pharynx > Flashcards

10.18.16 Pharynx Flashcards

1
Q

What is the continuation of the digestive system from the oral cavity?

A

Pharynx

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2
Q

The pharynx is a funnel-shaped fibromuscular tube that is the common route for both ___ and ___.

A

Food; air

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3
Q

Where is the pharynx located?

A

Posterior to the nasal and oral cavities, and the larynx

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4
Q

What are the three sections of the pharynx (in order)?

A
  1. Nasal pharynx
  2. Oral pharynx
  3. Laryngeal pharynx
  4. Esophagus
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5
Q

What coats the back of the pharynx?

A

Buccopharyngeal fascia

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6
Q

What is found between the buccopharyngeal and prevertebral fascia?

A

Retropharyngeal space

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7
Q

What is the origin of inferior pharyngeal constrictor?

A

Oblique line of thyroid cartilage and cricoid cartilage

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8
Q

What is the insertion of inferior pharyngeal constrictor?

A

Median raphe of pharynx

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9
Q

What innervates inferior pharyngeal constrictor?

A

Vagus nerve (CN X) via pharyngeal plexus

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10
Q

What supplies inferior pharyngeal constrictor?

A

Ascending pharyngeal artery, superior thyroid artery (branches)

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11
Q

What is the function of inferior pharyngeal constrictor?

A

Constricts wall of pharynx during swallowing

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12
Q

What is the origin of middle pharyngeal constrictor?

A

Stylohyoid ligament and horns of hyoid bone

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13
Q

What is the insertion of middle pharyngeal constrictor?

A

Median raphe of pharynx

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14
Q

What innervates middle pharyngeal constrictor?

A

Vagus nerve (CN X) via pharyngeal plexus

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15
Q

What supplies middle pharyngeal constrictor?

A

Ascending pharyngeal artery, ascending palatine and tonsillar branches of facial artery, dorsal lingual branches of lingual artery

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16
Q

What is the function of middle pharyngeal constrictor?

A

Constricts wall of pharynx during swallowing

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17
Q

What is the origin of superior pharyngeal constrictor?

A

Hamulus, pterygomandibular raphe, mylohyoid line of mandible

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18
Q

What is the insertion of superior pharyngeal constrictor?

A

Median raphe of pharynx

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19
Q

What innervates superior pharyngeal constrictor?

A

Vagus nerve (CN X) via pharyngeal plexus

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20
Q

What supplies superior pharyngeal constrictor?

A

Ascending pharyngeal artery, ascending palatine and tonsillar branches of facial artery, dorsal branches of lingual artery

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21
Q

What is the function of superior pharyngeal constrictor?

A

Constricts wall of pharynx during swallowing

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22
Q

The 3 constrictors overlap like shingles - what does this do?

A

Prevents food from passing between the muscles

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23
Q

What is the origin of buccinator?

A

Posterior portion of alveolar process of maxilla and mandible, opposite sockets of molar teeth, anterior border of pterygomandibular raphe

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24
Q

What is the insertion of buccinator?

A

Angle of mouth

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25
Q

What is the function of buccinator?

A

Expels air between lips, compresses cheeks

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26
Q

What innervates buccinator?

A

Facial nerve (CN VII) - buccal branches

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27
Q

What supplies buccinator?

A

Facial artery (muscular branches) and maxillary artery (buccal branches)

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28
Q

What is the origin of tensor veli palatini?

A

Scaphoid fossa of medial pterygoid plate, spine of sphenoid, pharyngotympanic tube

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29
Q

What is the insertion of tensor veli palatini?

A

Palatine aponeurosis

30
Q

What innervates tensor veli palatini?

A

Mandibular nerve

31
Q

What supplies tensor veli palatini?

A

Ascending palatine artery branch of facial artery, descending palatine artery branch of maxillary artery

32
Q

What is the function of tensor veli palatini?

A

Tenses soft palate, opens pharyngotympanic tube during swallowing and yawning

33
Q

What is the origin of levator veli palatini?

A

Temporal bone (petrous portion)

34
Q

What is the insertion of levator veli palatini?

A

Palatine aponeurosis

35
Q

What innervates levator veli palatini?

A

Vagus nerve (CN X) via pharyngeal plexus

36
Q

What supplies levator veli palatini?

A

Ascending palatine artery branch of facial artery, descending palatine artery branch of maxillary artery

37
Q

What is the function of levator veli palatini?

A

Elevates soft palate during swallowing

38
Q

If you have sleep apnea, you have a “lazy” ___.

A

Soft palate

39
Q

What is the origin of stylopharyngeus?

A

Medial aspect of styloid process

40
Q

What is the insertion of stylopharyngeus?

A

Pharyngeal wall

41
Q

What innervates stylopharyngeus?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

42
Q

What supplies stylopharyngeus?

A

Ascending pharyngeal artery, ascending palatine and tonsillar branches of facial artery, dorsal branches of lingual artery

43
Q

What is the function of stylopharyngeus?

A

Elevates pharynx and larynx during swallowing and speaking

44
Q

What is the origin of mylohyoid?

A

Mylohyoid line of mandible

45
Q

What is the insertion of mylohyoid?

A

Median raphe and body of hyoid bone

46
Q

What innervates mylohyoid?

A

Nerve to mylohyoid (branch CN V)

47
Q

What supplies mylohyoid?

A

Sublingual branch of lingual artery, submental branch of facial artery

48
Q

What is the function of mylohyoid?

A

Elevates hyoid bone, base of tongue, floor of mouth, depresses mandible

49
Q

What is the origin of hyoglossus?

A

Body and greater horn of hyoid bone

50
Q

What is the insertion of hyoglossus?

A

Lateral and inferior aspect of tongue

51
Q

What innervates hyoglossus?

A

Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

52
Q

What supplies hyoglossus?

A

Sublingual and submental arteries

53
Q

What is the function of hyoglossus?

A

Depresses and retracts tongue

54
Q

At the jugular foramen, the sigmoid sinus becomes the ___.

A

Jugular vein

55
Q

CN XII (hypoglossal nerve) goes through the ___ canal and is motor to all muscles ending in glossus except ___.

A

Hypoglossal; palatoglossus

56
Q

What is the origin of styloglossus?

A

Styloid process and stylohyoid ligament

57
Q

What is the insertion of styloglossus?

A

Lateral and inferior aspect of tongue

58
Q

What innervates styloglossus?

A

Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)

59
Q

What supplies styloglossus?

A

Sublingual artery

60
Q

What is the function of styloglossus?

A

Retracts tongue and draws it up for swallowing

61
Q

What is the origin of palatopharyngeus?

A

Hard palate, superior palatine aponeurosis

62
Q

What is the insertion of palatopharyngeus?

A

Lateral pharyngeal wall

63
Q

What innervates palatopharyngeus?

A

Vagus nerve (CN X) via pharyngeal plexus

64
Q

What supplies palatopharyngeus?

A

Ascending palatine artery branch of facial artery, descending palatine artery branch of maxillary artery

65
Q

What is the function of palatopharyngeus?

A

Tenses soft palate; pulls walls of pharynx superiorly, anteriorly, and medially during swallowing

66
Q

What is the origin of salpingopharyngeus?

A

Pharyngotympanic tube

67
Q

What is the insertion of salpingopharyngeus?

A

Side of pharyngeal wall

68
Q

What innervates salpingopharyngeus?

A

Vagus nerve (CN X) via pharyngeal plexus

69
Q

What supplies salpingopharyngeus?

A

Pharyngeal branch of ascending pharyngeal artery

70
Q

What is the function of salpingopharyngeus?

A

Elevates pharynx and larynx during swallowing and speaking

SHB (36 decks)

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