Pelvis and Pelvic Floor Flashcards
what are the names given to the region above the pelvic brim
false pelvis or greater pelvis
what are the names given to the region below the pelvic brim
true pelvis or lesser pelvis
all organs in the pelvic cavity are where in reference to the peritoneum
retroperitoneal
what makes up the pelvic girdle ?
- 1 sacrum
- 2 os coxae
how many vertebrae are fused in the sacrum
5
what bones make up the os coxae
ileum, ischium, pubic bones
what does the term sexual dimorphism mean with reference to the pelvis
Female pelvis are different to accomodate for birthing
- more oval shaped
- shorter pubic symphysis
- wider pubic arch/angle
- more flared alae
- ischial tuberosities further apart
- sacrum shorter and less curver
what are alae in reference to the pelvic region
iliac wings
what is the difference in shape and pubic angle b/w male and female pelvis
males have heart shaped and narrow angle
females have oval shaped and wider pubic angle
what ligament connects the 2 pubic bones
pubic symphysis
what is the long/wide ligament that connects the sacrum to the iliium on the anterior surface
anterior sacroiliac ligament
what is the long/wide ligament that connects the sacrum to the iliium on the poster surface
posterior sacroiliac ligament
what is the name of the ligament that is b/w the anterior and posterior sacroiliac ligaments
interosseous ligament
what 2 landmarks does the sacrotuberous ligament connect ?
sacrum to the ischial tuberosity
what 2 landmarks does the scarospinous ligament connect ?
sacrum to the ischial spine
what ligament forms the lower border of lesser sciatic foramen
sacrotuberous ligament
what ligament helps form the boundary of the greater sciatic foramen
sacrospinous ligament
what muscle passes through th greater sciatic foramen, and what is it innervated by
piriformis m.
L5, S1
what muscle passes through the lesser sciatic foramen and what is it innervated by ?
obturator internus m.
S1, S2
what 2 muscles makes of the pelvic floor
levator ani m.
coccygeus m.
what is another name for the pelvic floor
pelvic diaphragm
what 3 muscles contribute to the levator ani m. of the pelvic diaphragm
- ilococcygeus
- pubococcygeus
- puborectalis
what specific muscle of the pelvic diaphragm helps to support/hold up the rectum, and must be relaxed in order to shit
puborectalis m.
what is the perineum, and what are its 2 divisions
diamond shaped region b/w the thigh separated into :
- urogenital triangle
- anal triangle
the deep transverse perinal mm. are also known as ?
UG diaphragm (urogenital diaphragm)
what is the function of the ureter and what vessels does it cross as it descends
transports urine from kidneys to the urinary bladder
-crosses the external iliac vessels
in a female, the ureter crosses under what ?
uterine artery
in a male the ureter crosses under what ?
ductus deferens
what is the smooth muscle of the urinary bladder
detrusor urinae
through what opening is urine expulsed through
urethra
where is the prostate located
below the bladder and above the peritoneum
what is the difference b/w the male and female urethra
female is short males is much longer
what are the four parts/sections of the male urethra
- preprostatic
- prostatic
- membranous
- spongy
what U-shaped muscle forms the puborectal sling
puborectalis
the urogenital triangle and anal triangle are where in reference to the pelvic floor
anterior and inferior
what is the primary male reproductive organ, female ?
male - testis
female - ovaries
the spermatic cord is derived from what ?
muscles of the anterior abdominal wall
what is contained in the spermatic cord
ductus deferens, testicular vessels, testicular n.
what male reproductive gland joins the vas deferens and forms the ejaculatory ducts
seminal vesicles
where do the ejaculatory ducts feed/empty into
preprostatic urethra
where are the seminiferous tubules located
w/in the testis of male scrotum
what are the stuctures in the organization of the uterine/fallopian tubes from proximal uterus to distal
uterus then isthmus, ampulla, infindibulum, and fimbria
where is the uterus in reference to the vaginal canal
anteverted and at a right angle
what is the neame of the inferior neck of the uterus protruding into the vaginal canal
uterine cervix
what is the circular gutter surrounding the cervix
vaginal fornix
what anchors the ovary to the uterus
ovarian ligament
what is the name of the large ligament covering the uterus
broad ligament
what is the name of the continuation of the ovarian ligament that passes through the inguinal canal and fuses with the labia majora
round ligament of the uterus
the round ligament of the uterus is synonymous with what in males
vas deferens
