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Anatomy > Development of the Great Vessels > Flashcards

Development of the Great Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

what fetal veins form the commom cardinal v. ?

A

anterior cardinal v.

posterior cardinal v.

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2
Q

what fetal veins form/drain to the sinus venosus ?

A
  • common cardinal v.
  • umbilical v.
  • vitelline v.
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3
Q

on what surface of the primordial atrium do the right and left horns of the sinus venosus enter ?

A

dorsal and inferior

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4
Q

what does the fetal vitelline v. carry

A

returns poorly oxygenated blood from the yolk sac (umbilical vesicle) to the primordial heart

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5
Q

what does the fetal umbilical v. carry

A

well-oxygenated blood from mother via chorionic sac to the embryo

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6
Q

what does the fetal common cardinal v carry

A

returns poorly oxygenated blood from the body of the embryo back to primordial heart

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7
Q

how does the left brachiocephalic v. form in adults

A

in 8th week R and L anterior cardinal vv. anastomize

-caudal part of the L ant. cardinal v degenerates and whats remaining is the left brachiocephalic v.

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8
Q

how is the superior vena cava formed (SVC)

A

right anterior cardinal v. + right common cardinal v.

makes sense cuz all venous return by SVC is on R side of heart in adult**

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9
Q

the root of the Azygos is formed by ______ and drains to ______ ?

A

posterior cardinal v.

SVC on right side

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10
Q

how is the common iliac vv. formed

A

posterior cardinal v

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11
Q

what do the Left and Right umbilical veins become in the adult

A
  • Right umbilical v degenerates

- Left umbilical v. forms the ductus venosus

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12
Q

in the fetal circulation what is the function of the ductus venosus

A

connects the umbilical v. to IVC and prevents liver overload

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13
Q

what forms the hepatic portal system ?

A

Left and Right Vitelline vv. CAUDAL to the liver

makes sense cuz portal v. carries blood from GI tract back to heart*

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14
Q

The inferior vena cava (IVC) is composed of ______ segments that formed from ______ number of fetal vv. ?

A

4 segments formed from 4 vv.

dont need to know specifics

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15
Q

The vast majority of the azygos v. develops from ?

A

subcardinal v.

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16
Q

the hemizygous v. develops from ?

A

subcardinal v.

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17
Q

what is the only part of the azygous v. that does not developr from the subcardinal v ?

A

Root of the azygous

-formed from the posterior cardinal v.

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18
Q

what do the R and L sinus venosus horns become in the adult ?

A
  • R sinus venosus horn becomes sinus venarum (smooth area) in post. wall of R atrium
  • L sinus venosus horn becomes coronary sinus
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19
Q

the adult umbilical v. arises from what fetal v. ?

A

Left umbilical v.

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20
Q

the right brachiocephalic v. in adults comes from ?

A

Right anterior cardinal v.

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21
Q

what is the function of pulmonary veins in adults

A

bring oxygenated blood to the heart from the lungs

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22
Q

how do the pulmonary veins form in adults

A

as outgrowths from the posterior wall of the L atrium

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23
Q

truncal ridges arise from what fetal structure, and are derived from what type of cells

A

arise from truncus arteriosus

-derived from neural crest mesenchyme

24
Q

where do bulbar ridges arise from , what is their cellular derivative

A

arise from bulbus cordis

-derived from neural crest mesenchyme

25
Q

the further development of the truncal and bulbar ridges become ?

A

aorticopulmonary septum

26
Q

what is the function of the aorticopulmonary septum

A

seperate the ascending aorta from the pulmonary trunk

27
Q

how do the ventricles play a role in where the aorta and pulmonary trunk are positioned

A

after fusion of aorticopulmonary septum, streaming of blood from ventricles causes a 180 turn
-results in aorta being posterior and pulmonary trunk ant.

28
Q

what can occur of the aorticopulmonary septum does not rotate fully ?

A

transposistion of great vessels

-cyanotic heart disesase (turn blue from lack of O2)

29
Q

What is tetraology of Fallot ?

A

unequal division of the truncus arteriosus

30
Q

where is the truncus arteriosus in reference to the bulbus cordis

A

above

31
Q

what are the 4 signs/symptoms of tetralogy of Fallot

A

1 - pulmonary a. stenosis
2 - ventricular septal defect
3 - dextroposition of the aorta
4 - right ventricular hypertrophy

32
Q

Adult coronary aa. are formed in 2 steps, what are they ?

A

1 - sprouts off sinus venosus and epicardium

2 - endothelial cells invade/ingrowth into the aorta

33
Q

how many pharyngeal arches are there ? which of them has no adult derivative

A

6 total

-pharyngeal arch 5 degenerates in adults

34
Q

what does the 1st pharyngeal arch a. become

A
  • maxillary a.

- external carotid a (ECA)

35
Q

what does the 2nd pharyngeal arch a. become in adults

A

stapedial a.

36
Q

what does the 3rd pharyngeal arch a. become

A
  • common carotid a. (CCA)

- proximal internal carotid a. (ICA)

37
Q

what does the Left 4th pharyngeal arch a. become ?

A

part/arch of aorta thats b/w CCA and L subclavian

38
Q

what does the right 4th pharyngeal arch a. become ?

A

proximal Right Subclavian

39
Q

what forms the adult left subclavian a. ?

A

Left 7th intersegmental a.

40
Q

what forms the distal part of the right subclavian a.

A

R dorsal aorta + R 7th intersegmental a.

41
Q

the complete arch of the aorta is formed by 4 structures, what are they ?

A

1 - truncus arteriosus
2 - aortic sac
3 - 4th pharyngeal arch a.
4 - left dorsal aorta

42
Q

what does the L 6th pharyngeal arch a become ?

A

Proximal L 6th = proximal L pulmonary a.

Distal L 6th = ductus arteriosus

43
Q

what is the function of ductus arteriosus

A

connect L pulmonary a. to aorta to shunt blood away from lung in embryo (cuz get O2 from mother)

44
Q

what does the R 6th pharyngeal arch a. become

A

Proximal R 6th = proximal right pulmonary a.

distal R 6th = jack shit (degenerates)

45
Q

what is the difference b/w the R and L recurrent laryngeal nn. ? what causes this ?

A

L recurrent laryngeal loops much lower
-this is b/c on R side the distal of 6th pharyngeal arch a. degenerates whereas distal of L 6th pharyngeal arch a. becomes the ductus arteriosus

46
Q

what forms the common iliac aa. in the adult

A

5th pair of intersegmental aa.

47
Q

what forms the lateral sacral a. in adults

A

intersegmental aa. from the sacral region

48
Q

fetal intersegmental aa. in the thoracic region become what in adults

A

intercostal aa.

49
Q

what does the fetal vitelline aa persist as in the adults

A

1 - celiac trunk
2 - Superior mesenteric artery (SMA)
3 - Inferior mesenteric artery (IMA)

50
Q

what does the proximal fetal umbilical a. become in adults

A
  • internal iliac a.

- superior vesical a.

51
Q

what is the function of foramen ovale in fetal circulation

A

connects R and L atrium to NOT allow blood flow into pulmoary circuit (dont need O2 from lungs yet)

52
Q

the venous angle is b/w what 2 veins

A

IJV and subclavian vv

53
Q

what is cisterna chyli

A

dilation of lymph that drains the intestinal and lumbar region

54
Q

what forms the adult thoracic duct ?

A

caudal part R lymphatic duct + anastomosis of R and L cranial thoracic ducts

55
Q

what forms the adult right lymphatic duct

A

cranial portion of R lymphatic duct

Anatomy (35 decks)

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