Brainstem Anatomy Flashcards
what horn of the spinal cord carries information away from the CNS (efferent/motor)
Anterior horn or Ventral horn
what horn of the spinal cord carries information towards the CNS (afferent/sensory)
Posterior horn or Dorsal horn
what artery is a branch of the MCA and is clinically significant in strokes , it supplies deep structures of brain
Anterior choroidal artery
3 main functions of the brainstem
conduit of info., cranial nerves, complex integrative functions
3 main subdivisions of the brainstem rostral to caudal
midbrain, pons, medulla
what is the difference b/w the open and closed medulla
open medulla has little part of 4th ventricle behind it, closed medulla has cerebellum behind it
what is considered the open medulla, the rostral or caudal medulla
rostral medulla
what plane of the brainstem is the superior calliculi
rostral midbrain
what plane of the brainstem does the inferior calliculi sit
caudal midbrain
the middle cerebral peduncle is in what part of the brainstem
pons
what part of the brainstem houses the olive and pyramid
rostral medulla
brainstem tissue anterior to the ventricle cavity
tegmentum
brainstem tissue posterior to the ventrical cavity, also referred to as the “roof”
tectum
what is the main fiber tract on the anterior brain
corticospinal tract
what is the main fiber tract in the anterolateral brain
spinothalamic tract
what it the main fiber tract exhibiting vertical configuration in the medial brian
medial lemniscus
what part of brainstem shows the pyramidal decussation
caudal medulla
which part of the pons (rostral or caudal) would show the a smaller 4th ventricle ? Why ?
rostral because its approaching the cerebral aqueduct
what is the substantia nigra and where can it be found
area of gray matter just inside the cerebral peduncle found in rostral midbrain
what 3 major arteries supply the lateral brainstem
SCA, AICA (off basilar a) and PICA (off vertebral a.)
the occulomotor nucleus and red nucleus can both be found where ?
rostral midbrain
what are the 6 types of nerve fibers in the brainstem
visceral sensory, somatic sensory, special sensory, visceral motor, somatic motor, branchial motor
where are the motor nuclei axons arranged on the brainstem ? what about sensory axons
motor is medial, sensory stays lateral
what sense is involved with special sensory cranial nerves
hearing and equillibrium (CN I, II, VIII)
what are the branchiomeric cranial nerves
V, VII, IX, X, XI
what are the somatic motor cranial nerves
III, IV, VI, XII
