Brainstem Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what horn of the spinal cord carries information away from the CNS (efferent/motor)

A

Anterior horn or Ventral horn

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2
Q

what horn of the spinal cord carries information towards the CNS (afferent/sensory)

A

Posterior horn or Dorsal horn

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3
Q

what artery is a branch of the MCA and is clinically significant in strokes , it supplies deep structures of brain

A

Anterior choroidal artery

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4
Q

3 main functions of the brainstem

A

conduit of info., cranial nerves, complex integrative functions

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5
Q

3 main subdivisions of the brainstem rostral to caudal

A

midbrain, pons, medulla

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6
Q

what is the difference b/w the open and closed medulla

A

open medulla has little part of 4th ventricle behind it, closed medulla has cerebellum behind it

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7
Q

what is considered the open medulla, the rostral or caudal medulla

A

rostral medulla

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8
Q

what plane of the brainstem is the superior calliculi

A

rostral midbrain

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9
Q

what plane of the brainstem does the inferior calliculi sit

A

caudal midbrain

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10
Q

the middle cerebral peduncle is in what part of the brainstem

A

pons

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11
Q

what part of the brainstem houses the olive and pyramid

A

rostral medulla

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12
Q

brainstem tissue anterior to the ventricle cavity

A

tegmentum

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13
Q

brainstem tissue posterior to the ventrical cavity, also referred to as the “roof”

A

tectum

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14
Q

what is the main fiber tract on the anterior brain

A

corticospinal tract

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15
Q

what is the main fiber tract in the anterolateral brain

A

spinothalamic tract

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16
Q

what it the main fiber tract exhibiting vertical configuration in the medial brian

A

medial lemniscus

17
Q

what part of brainstem shows the pyramidal decussation

A

caudal medulla

18
Q

which part of the pons (rostral or caudal) would show the a smaller 4th ventricle ? Why ?

A

rostral because its approaching the cerebral aqueduct

19
Q

what is the substantia nigra and where can it be found

A

area of gray matter just inside the cerebral peduncle found in rostral midbrain

20
Q

what 3 major arteries supply the lateral brainstem

A

SCA, AICA (off basilar a) and PICA (off vertebral a.)

21
Q

the occulomotor nucleus and red nucleus can both be found where ?

A

rostral midbrain

22
Q

what are the 6 types of nerve fibers in the brainstem

A

visceral sensory, somatic sensory, special sensory, visceral motor, somatic motor, branchial motor

23
Q

where are the motor nuclei axons arranged on the brainstem ? what about sensory axons

A

motor is medial, sensory stays lateral

24
Q

what sense is involved with special sensory cranial nerves

A

hearing and equillibrium (CN I, II, VIII)

25
Q

what are the branchiomeric cranial nerves

A

V, VII, IX, X, XI

26
Q

what are the somatic motor cranial nerves

A

III, IV, VI, XII