(2) Anterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards
from superficial to deep what are the muscles of the lateral abdomen region
- external oblique
- internal oblique
- transversalis abdominas
what is the name of the midline seperating the rectus abdominus muscles
linea alba
what way do the external oblique fibers run compared to the internal oblique ?
ext - from superiolaterally to inferomedially
int. - run perpendicular/90 to the external oblique
the fibers of the transversalis abdominus muscle runs in the same direction as what other abdomen muscle
internal oblique m
what is the arcuate line ?
midway line b/w the umbilicus and pubic symphysis
the rectus sheath envelopes what mm ?
rectus abdominus and pyramidalis mm
superior to the arcuate line what muscle aponeurosis splits the rectus abdominus muscles ?
internal oblique mm.
inferior to the arcuate line what muscle aponeurosis go anterior to the rectus abdominus muscles ?
ALL
-external oblique, internal oblique, and transversalis abdominus
what makes up the anterior and posterior layers of the rectus sheath superior to the arcuate line ?
Ant. - EO and 1/2 IO
Posterior wall - 1/2 IO and TA and transversalis fascia
what makes up the anterior and posterior walls inferior to the arcuate line
Anterior wall - EO, IO, and TA
Posterior wall - transversalis fascia
what are the 3 infraumbilical peritoneal folds ?
- median umbilical fold (midline)
- medial umbilical fold (on each side)
- laterla umbilical fold (each side)
what are the superficial vessels of the anterior abdominal wall
- circumflex iliac a and v.
- epigastric a. and v.
all nerves in the anterior abdominal wall run b/w what 2 layers ?
-internal oblique and transversalis abdominus mm
the femoral a is renamed and continuous with what as you move cranially
external iliac a.
what do the circumflex iliac vessels supply/drain
region of inguinal ligament
what does the epigastric vessels supply/drain
region of abdomen inferior to umbilicus
what does the deep circumflex iliac vessels supply
lateral abdominal mm
what does the inferior epigastric vessels supply ? and what does it anastomize with ?
- supplies lower rectus abdominus mm
- anastomizes with superior epigastric
what vessel supplies the upper rectus abdominus mm
superior epigastric a
what does the musculophrenic vessels supply
upper abdominal mm and diaphragm
what nerves are involved in the anterior abdominal cavity and what is there organization
ventral rami of T7-L1
- Above umbilicus region is T7, T8, T9
- umbilicus region is T10
- -Below umbilicus region is T11, T12, L1
the inguinal ligament extends from the ASIS to the pubic tubericle and is a continued infolding of what muscle ?
EO aponeurosis
what is the inguinal canal and where is it in reference to the inguinal ligament ?
3-5 cm tunnel across the ant. abdominal wall
-parralel and superior to inguinal lig.
what does the make inguinal canal contain
- spermatic cord
- ilioinguinal n. (L1)
what does the female inguinal canal contain
- round lig. of the uterus
- ilioinguinal n. (L1)
the end points of the inguinal canal can be found by what structures
- superficial ring
- deep ring
where do the superficial and deep rings open into ?
Superficial ring opens into EO apoeurosis
deep ring opens into transversalis fascia
the conjoint tendon contributes to what wall of the inguinal canal ?
posterior wall w/transversalis fascia
an abdominal hernia is caused by an outpouching of what ?
abdominal viscera
what is the most common type of hernia where it extends through the entire enguinal canal
indirect inguinal hernia
where would an indirect inguinal hernia commonly enter ?
males - scrotum
females - labia majora
a direct inguinal hernia has an outpouching that proceeds through ?
inguinal triangle
-associated w/ a weakened abdominal wall
what is the most common type of hernia in females
indirect inguinal
what is the most common type of hernias in newborns
umbilical hernia
what is the most common type of hernia in people over 40 associated with obesisty
epigastric hernia
