Pediatric Radiology (incomplete) Flashcards
What are the common causes of neonatal respiratory distress?
- Hyaline membrane disease.
- Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) .
- Meconium aspiration.
- Congenital lobar emphysema.
- Congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
write short note about HYALINE MEMBRANE DISEASE
Radiological description
you should mention these:
1. preterm infant
2. bilateal , granular/diffuse opacity
3. air broncogram
write short note about MECONIUM ASPIRATION SYNDROME
- term infant (post term)
- Airway obstruction
- Hyperinflation
- Streaky peri-hilar densities
- Possible effusion/pneumothorax
streaky = irregular or linear
what is the common causes of focal pulmonary lesion in pediatric
- congenital lobar emphysema (most common)
- Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
- Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM).
common site of congenital lobar emphysema
- left upper lobe
- right middel lobe
- right upper lobe
how the congenital lobar emphysema appears radiologically (by X-ray)
- midline shift
- initially opacity then hyper lucent
what is the mechanism of congenital lobar emphysema and what is the treatment
over expansion of alveoli
lobectomy
what is the common site of diaphragmatic hernia?
left and posterior
special name for posterior diaphragmatic hernia
Bochdalek hernia
بخ دا لك
diaphragmatic hernia by X-ray
- hemidiaphragm not visualized
- multicystic mass in the chest + mass effect
forign body aspiration is very easy to see by x-ray because it’s always radiopaque
actually only 10% of forign bodies are radiopaque
the most common site of foreign body aspiration is ___
R-bronchi > L-bronchi > larynx and trachea
so what is the radiological features of foreign body aspiration
Unilateral hyperlucent lung from air trapping, visible on expiratory or decubitus X-rays (90%).
10% lung collapse
10% radiopaque
