Endocrine II (thyroid & adrenal)

Question 1

special sign of thyrotoxicosis by doppler

Answer 1

INFERNO

Question 2

features of malignant thyroid nodule by US:

Answer 2

1. Hypoechoic
2. Micro calcification
3. Infiltrative margin
4. Taller than wider
5. Abnormal cervical lymph node.

Question 3

Colloid Thyroid Nodule by US

Answer 3

may have cystic or heterogenous changes
may have calcification
multi echoginic foci with comit tail artifact

Question 4

the most common midline neck masess in young patients is:

Answer 4

Thyroglossal duct cysts(TGDC)

Question 5

the common mass in the parathyroid gland

Answer 5

Parathyroid Adenoma

Question 6

what is the symptoms of adrenal adenoma

Answer 6

it’s often asymptomatic
1. coushing syndrome
2. Conn syndrme

Question 7

by CT the adrenal adenoma appeares darker in which phase? and why?

Answer 7

out-of phase images. , because the tissues contain high lipid and water

Question 8

which one exhibit early washout of contrast material adrenal adenoma or Malignant Adrenal Masses

Answer 8

adrenal adenoma

Question 9

what is the different between adrenal adenoma and Adrenal Hyperplasia

Answer 9

Adrenal Hyperplasia = normal morphology

Question 10

special disease cause Adrenal Hemorrhage

Answer 10

waterhouse friderichsen

Question 11

what is the role of 10 of Pheochromocytoma

Answer 11

~10% are extra-adrenal
~10% are bilateral
~10% are malignant
~10% are found in children
~10% are familial
~10% are notassociated with hypertension
~10% contain calcification

Question 12

Differentiating Benign from malignant adrenal mass

Answer 12

Larger lesion
Change in lesion size
The shape
Intracellular lipid content
Vascular enhancement pattern (adenomas vigorously enhance and exhibit early washout of contrast)