Hepatocilliary System II (GB, spleen, pancreas) Flashcards
gall bladder stone charactarised by distal shadow, give examples of Non shadowing echogenic focus:
- sludge ball
- Cholesterol crystals
- polyp
signs of acute cholecystitis (radiologically)
- thick edematus wall
- stone may present (shadow)
causes of Acalculous cholecystitis
severe trauma, severe burns, severe surgery (major surgery) severe infection (sepsis)
what is the normal length of spleen
12 cm but in tall patients it can be normally 14 cm
causes of splenomegaly
hemolytic anemia (for any cause)
cirrhosis
infection
tumor
trauma
connective tissue disorder (SLE)
DD for splenic masses
cyst
lymphomas
spleen mtastasis
spleen abscess
nearly all are very rare
spleen abscess is uncommon why? and what is main risk factor?
due to its efficient reticuloendothelial system phagocytic activity
immunosuppressed patient
patient come with acute abdominal pain + fever with history of thromboembolic disorder
splenic infarction
classification of splenic injury
- capsular inj + subcapsular hematoma
- laceration + hematoma < 3cm
- inj. extend to the hilum + hematoma > 3cm
- shattered spleen
about malignancy of pancrease
most neoplasm are …. and 2/3 in the ….. and may ……. leads to …..
- adenocarcinomas
- head of pancreas
- obstruct the common bile duct
- jaundice
Splenic abscess on US
Poorly defined round anechoic cystic mass with echogenic internal debris
Method or modality of choice in evaluating patients with blunt trauma to the spleen
CT+C
Normal uss of pancreas
Pancreatic echogenicity depends on the amount of fatty replacement ( ++ with age dt fatty replacement )
Normal pancreas has echogenicity equal to or more than the normal liver
Causes acute pancreatitis
Alcoholic abuse
Gallstone
Pancreatitis on ultrasound
NB: Hx of acute abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting
Pancreatic enlargement and decrease echogenicity
Peripancreatic strading
