Pathology Of Bones & Joints 2

Question 1

Describe childhood and adolescence modeling

Answer 1

Question 2

When is there peak bone mass attained, what causes it?

Answer 2

Question 3

Describe the regulation of bone remodeling

Answer 3

Question 4

Describe multicellular unit

Answer 4

Question 5

What are the main intercellular bone signals?

Answer 5

Question 6

Discuss the regulation of osteoclasts

Answer 6

Question 7

What is osteoporosis?

Answer 7

Question 8

What are the classifications of osteoporosis?

Answer 8

Question 9

Describe the DEXA scan signs of osteoporosis

Answer 9

Question 10

Discuss primary osteoporosis

Answer 10

Question 11

What are the risk factors of senile osteoporosis?

Answer 11

Question 12

Describe the rate of loss of bone in osteoporosis

Answer 12

Question 13

Summarize bone mass reduction in senile osteoporosis

Answer 13

Question 14

Summarize post-menopausal osteoporosis

Answer 14

Question 15

Contrast senile and postmenopausal osteoporosis

Answer 15

Question 16

What does an osteoporotic vertebral body look like?

Answer 16

Question 17

What does trabeculae look like in osteoporosis?

Answer 17

Question 18

What endocrine factors can cause secondary osteoporosis?

Answer 18

Question 19

Describe neoplastic causes of secondary osteoporosis

Answer 19

Question 20

Describe gastrointestinal causes of secondary osteoporosis

Answer 20

Question 21

Describe the drug related causes of secondary osteoporosis

Answer 21

Question 22

What’s the common presentation of secondary osteoporosis?

Answer 22

Question 23

Describe radiological diagnosis of secondary osteoporosis

Answer 23

Question 24

Describe serology of secondary osteoporosis

Answer 24

Question 25

Describe the complications of secondary osteoporosis

Answer 25

Question 26

What is the pathogenesis of hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 26

Question 27

Describe the formation of cystic spaces in hyperparathyroidism

Answer 27

Question 28

Describe the Paget’s disease (osteitis deformans)

Answer 28

Question 29

Describe the epidemiology of Paget’s disease(osteitis deformans)

Answer 29

Question 30

Describe the etiology & risk factors of Paget’s disease

Answer 30

Question 31

Describe the pathogenesis of Paget’s disease (osteitis deformans)

Answer 31

Question 32

Describe the osteolytic phase of Paget’s disease

Answer 32

Question 33

Describe the mixed phase of Paget’s disease

Answer 33

Question 34

Describe the blastic phase of Paget’s disease

Answer 34

Question 35

What are the phases of Paget’s disease in order?

Answer 35

1. Osteolytic 2. Mixed phase 3. Blastic phase

Question 36

Describe the clinical presentation of Paget’s disease

Answer 36

Question 37

What are the investigations of Paget’s disease?

Answer 37

Question 38

Explain the Mosaic/jigsaw pattern of bone in Paget’s disease

Answer 38

Question 39

What are the complications of Paget’s disease?

Answer 39

Question 40

What are the rare complications of Paget’s disease of osteitis deformans?

Answer 40

Question 41

What is renal osteodystrophy?

Answer 41

Question 42

Describe the etiopathogenesis of renal osteodystrophy

Answer 42

Question 43

What are the manifestations of renal osteodystrophy?

Answer 43

Question 44

Describe end stage renal disease

Answer 44

Question 45

What are the clinical features of end stage renal disease?

Answer 45

Question 46

Describe the etiology & risk factors of Vitamin D deficiency

Answer 46

Question 47

Describe the pathogenesis of vitamin D deficiency

Answer 47

Question 48

Explain the histology of rickets

Answer 48

Question 49

Describe osteomalacia

Answer 49

Question 50

Summarize Scurvy

Answer 50