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biochem > (P) Nucleic acid Structure (transes-based) > Flashcards

(P) Nucleic acid Structure (transes-based) Flashcards

1
Q

Unbranched polymer in which the monomer units are nucleotides.

A

Nucleic Acid

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2
Q

What are the 2 Types of Nucleic acid found in higher organism?

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
Ribonucleic acid (RNA)

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3
Q

How many subunit molecule does nucleotide have?

A

Three subunit molecule

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4
Q

What are the three subunit molecule of nucleotide?

A
  • pentose sugar
  • nitrogen - containing heterocyclic base
  • phosphate group
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5
Q

What subunit molecule is bonded to a pentose sugar?

A

Phosphate group and a Base

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6
Q

What are the 2 sugar units of a Nucleotide

A
  • pentose ribose
  • pentose 2’-deoxyribose
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7
Q

What are the difference between the 2 sugar unit of nucleotide?

A

Structurally, the only difference between these two sugars occurs at carbon 2’

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8
Q

Which sugar unit has the (OH) group present on the 2nd carbon?

A

Pentose Ribose

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9
Q

Which sugar unit have (H) group present?

edit: H is not a group tho, basta kung anong sugar unit ‘yung may H sa carbon 2’ instead of OH

A

Pentose 2’-deoxyribose

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10
Q

The prefix deoxy- means?

A

“without oxygen”

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11
Q

How many nitrogen-containing heterocyclic bases are a nucleotide component?

A

Five

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12
Q

What are the two derivatives of a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic base?

A

pyrimidine and purine

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13
Q

a monocyclic base with a six-membered ring

A

pyrimidine

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14
Q

How many derivatives are there in a pyrimidine

A

3 (three or tres kung di ka marunong mag english)

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15
Q

How many derivatives are there in a purine

A

2

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16
Q

Bicyclic base with fused five- and six-membered rings

A

purine

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17
Q

why pyrimidine and purine are bases?

A

They contain amine functional groups (secondary or tertiary)

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18
Q

amine functional groups exhibit?

A

basic behavior (basic biatch)

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19
Q

What are the three pyrimidine derivatives?

A
  1. thymine (T)
  2. cytosine (C)
  3. uracil (U)
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20
Q

What are the two purine derivatives?

A
  1. adenine (A)
  2. guanine (G)
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21
Q

What are the derivatives (bases) found both in RNA and DNA

A
  1. adenine (A)
  2. guanine (G)
  3. cytosine (C)
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22
Q

Derivative that can be only found in RNA?

A

Uracil (U)

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23
Q

Derivative (base) that usually occur in DNA?

A

Thymine (T)

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24
Q

The third component and is derived from phosphoric acid??

A

Phosphate

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25
Q

When phosphoric acid is under a cellular pH condition, what append to its hydrogen atoms?

A

Loses two of its hydrogen atom to give a hydrogen phosphate ion

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26
Q

what contains the subunit formed under the nucleoside?

A

pentose sugar and nitrogen-containing base

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27
Q

What is the first step in nucleotide formation

A

Pentose and Base reacts to form nucleoside

28
Q

nucleoside reacts with ____ group to form nucleotide

A

Phosphate group

29
Q

What is the building block of nucleic acids

A

Nucleotide

30
Q

How many nucleosides are associated with nucleic acid chemistry?

A

8 (Eight)

31
Q

RNA Nucleosides:

A

Adenosine
Cytidine
Guanosine
Uridine

32
Q

DNA Nucleosides:

A

deoxyadenosine
deoxycytidine
deoxyguanosine
deoxythymidine

33
Q

What is the main distinction for the nucleosides?

A

Sugar!

34
Q

Nucleoside formation:

Suffix for pyrimidine?

A

-idine

35
Q

Nucleoside formation:

Suffix for purine?

A

-osine

36
Q

Addition of a phosphate group to a nucleoside produces?

A

nucleotide (and water)

37
Q

Nucleic acids are polymers? T or F

A

T

38
Q

Nucleic acids are polymers in which the repeating units, the
monomers, are nucleotides

T or F

A

T

39
Q

What are the main distinction for nucleotide?

A

Base!

40
Q

What are the bonds called when nucleotide units within a nucleic acid molecule are linked to each other

A

sugar–phosphate bonds

41
Q

What are the 2 backbone of Nucleic Acid Structure

A

DNA and RNA Backbone

42
Q

the sequence in which
nucleotides are linked together in a nucleic acid

A

Primary nucleic acid structure

43
Q

T or F

Because the sugar–phosphate backbone of a given nucleic acid varies, the primary structure of the nucleic acid depends only on the sequence of bases present

A

F (the sugar–phosphate backbone of a given nucleic acid does not vary)

44
Q

if u see this card review the primary structures on the ppt

A

yeah review it bitch

45
Q

What is the start of a nucleic acid

A

5’ (5 prime)
Free phosphate grouup

46
Q

What is the end of a nucleic acid

A

3’ (3 prime)
Free hydroxyl group

47
Q

is DNA triple helix?

A

Yes kung tanga ka pero no kung alam mo

Double lang dude

48
Q

T or F

The relative amounts of these base pairs in DNA vary depending on the life form from which the DNA is obtained.

A

T

49
Q

T or F

%A = %G?

A

F

%A = %T and %C = %G

50
Q

in 1953, an explanation for the base composition patterns associated with DNA molecules. Who proposed it?

A

American microbiologist James Watson

English biophysicist Francis Crick

51
Q

The DNA double helix involves?

A

two polynucleotide strands

52
Q

What is the structure of two
polynucleotide strands?

A

coiled, like a spiral staircase

53
Q

The bases (side chains) of each
backbone extends to where?

A

Inward toward the
bases of the other strand

54
Q

what is the phobia of bases? (PHOBIA HASFHASFHAHAH)

A

Hydrophobic that’s why they are inward and towards each other

55
Q

The two two polynucleotide strands are connected by?

A

hydrogen bonds between their
bases

56
Q

The two strands of the double helix exhibit this characteristic so that the polymers run in opposite directions

A

antiparallel

57
Q

What is the orientations (direction) of the strands?

A

5’-to-3’ direction, and the other is oriented in the 3’-to-5’ direction

58
Q

T or F

A physical restriction, the size of the interior of the DNA double helix, limits the base pairs that can hydrogen-bond to one another

A

T

59
Q

what is the correct pairing within the helix interior?

A

one small base (a pyrimidine) and one large base (a purine)

60
Q

pairs of bases in a nucleic acid structure that can hydrogen-bond to each other

A

Complementary bases

61
Q

T or F

The pairing of A with T and that of G with C are said to be
complementary?

A

True

62
Q

Are the two strand of DNA in a double helix are complementary or identical?

A

COMPLIMENTARY !

63
Q

Describes the strands of DNA in a double helix with base pairing such that each base is located opposite its complementary base

A

Complementary DNA strands

64
Q

Why hydrogen bonding is important between base pair?

A

STABILIZING the DNA double helix structure

65
Q

Are hydrogen bonds strong?

A

Nope they are weak forces but becomes stronger in long chains of nucleic acid

66
Q

T or F

Hydrogen bonds are relatively weak forces, each DNA molecule has so many base pairs that, collectively, these hydrogen bonds are a force of significant strength

A

T

67
Q

Long nuclein acid means?

A

STRONGER RAAAAAAAWr

biochem (31 decks)

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