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biochem > (M) Peptides and Proteins part 1 (ppt and lec based) > Flashcards

(M) Peptides and Proteins part 1 (ppt and lec based) Flashcards

1
Q

polymers of amino acids joined by peptide bonds

A

peptides and proteins

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2
Q

how are amino acids linked together

A

covalently linked together

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3
Q

T or F
Ionic bonding is stronger than covalent bonding

A

f

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4
Q

fill in the blanks

amino acid is composed of an amide bond between ________ of one amino acid with _________ of another amino acid

A

α-carboxyl group and α-amino group

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5
Q

covalent bonds between amino acids in a peptide

A

peptide bonds

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6
Q

how are peptide sequences written

A

l to r, n terminus to c terminus

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7
Q

what is do you call the removal of water in formation of a peptide bond

A

Dehydration reaction

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8
Q

type of nomenclature for longer peptides

A

one-letter code

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9
Q

T or F
N-terminal amnio acid residue does not keep its full amino acid name

A

T

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10
Q

Which amino acid residue get to keep its full amino acid name

A

C-terminal

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11
Q

what is the suffix used for amino acids ending with -ine or -ic

A

-yl

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12
Q

which amino acid is the exception to the -ine, -ic rule?

A

tryptophan

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13
Q

what are the components of the dipeptide AlanylSerine

A

alpha-carboxyl and alpha-amino group forming H2O

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14
Q

which structures is used more commonly than -CONH-

A

C=O and N-H

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15
Q

This has a lower molecular weight compared to proteins

A

Peptides

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16
Q

how many amino acids usually make up a protein

A

more than 50 amino acids

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17
Q

what do you call peptides that are polymers consisting of 2 to10 amino acids

A

oligopeptides

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18
Q

oligopeptide that only has 2 amino acids

A

dipeptide

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19
Q

oligopeptide that only has 3 amino acids

A

tripeptide

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20
Q

peptides that has more than 10 amino acids but less than 50

A

polypeptides

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21
Q

molecules with more than 50 amino acids

A

protein

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22
Q

heaviest type of peptide

A

protein

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23
Q

these are polypeptides that are clumped together

A

subunit

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24
Q

this hormone stimulates contraction of uterine muscles and ejection of milk during lactation

A

oxytocin

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25
Q

how many amino acids are in oxytocin and vasopressin

A

9 aa

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26
Q

known as the cuddle hormone

A

oxytocin

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27
Q

this hormone plays a role in emotional interaction with another individual

A

oxytocin

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28
Q

hormone controlling blood pressure and volume

A

vasopressin

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29
Q

this stimulates the kidneys to retain water (anti-diuretic hormone or ADH)

A

Vasopressin

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30
Q

difference between vasopressin and oxytocin

A

third and eighth amino acid

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31
Q

what is the third and eighth aa of oxytocin

A

ILE and LEU

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32
Q

what is the third and eighth aa of vasopressin

A

PHE and ARG

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33
Q

When does vasopressin act

A

when patient is dehydrated

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34
Q

hormone regulating blood calcium levels

A

parathyroid hormone

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35
Q

how many aa does the parathyroid have?

A

84 aa

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36
Q

these are pentapeptides neurotransmitters which binds to receptor cites of the brain to reduce pain

A

enkephalins

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37
Q

what is this highly known enkephalin?
TYR-GLY-GLY-PHE-MET

A

Met-enkaphalin

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38
Q

what is this highly known enkephalin?
TYR-GLY-GLY-PHE-LEU

A

leu-enkephalin

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39
Q

this is a tripeptide present in high levels within our body that has an antioxidant property

A

glutathione

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40
Q

this is the most important of all biological compounds

A

proteins

41
Q

Which Greek word is protein derived from?

A

proteios

42
Q

what does proteios mean?

A

“of first importance”

43
Q

T or F

peptides have a higher molecular weight than protein

A

F (reverse)

44
Q

how many aa does common protein have

A

400-500 aa

45
Q

how may aa does small proteins have

A

40-100 aa

46
Q

how many polypeptide chain does monomeric have

A

1

47
Q

this is a protein that has 2 or more polypeptide chain

A

multimeric

48
Q

function of protein that speeds up chemical reactions

A

catalyst

49
Q

function of protein that has the capability to combine with insoluble molecules to become soluble in our blood

A

transport and storage

50
Q

T or F

only half of the proteins are soluble in the blood

A

F (majority)

51
Q

function of protein that enables us to move our muscles

A

movement

52
Q

function of protein wherein collagen and keratin are examples of

A

structure

53
Q

these are proteins responsible for generation and transmission of nerve impulses

A

neurotransmitters

54
Q

T or F

Proteins are the major source of biological membranes

A

T

55
Q

What are the 3 classifications of proteins based on composition

A

Simple proteins
Conjugated Proteins
Derived Proteins

56
Q

classification of protein made up of amino acids only

A

simple proteins

57
Q

this protein is soluble in water, dilutes aqueous salt solution, and heat coagulable

A

albumin

58
Q

this protein is insoluble in water, soluble in aqueous salt solution, heat coagulable

A

globulin

59
Q

this protein is soluble in dilute acids and alkalies, heat coagulable

A

glutelin

60
Q

this protein is an alcohol soluble protein

A

prolamine

61
Q

this is the least soluble simple protein, they are neutral solvents, and can dilute acids and alkalies

A

albuminoid or scleropotein

62
Q

the simplest protein, basic, soluble in water and dilute ammonia, acid and alkali

found in spermatozoa

A

protamine

63
Q

basic protein that is soluble in water and very dilute acid, found in combination with DNA

A

histone

64
Q

classification of protein made up of amino acid and other substances

A

conjugated proteins

65
Q

what is the term for the added other substances in conjugated proteins

A

prosthetic group

66
Q

what is the prosthetic group in nucleoprotein

A

nucleic acid

67
Q

what is the prosthetic group in glycoprotein and mucoprotein

A

carbohydrates

68
Q

what is the prosthetic group in phosphoprotein

A

phosphoric acid residues

69
Q

what is the prosthetic group in chromoprotein

A

prosthetic group that gives color

70
Q

what is the prosthetic group in lipoproteins

A

lipids

71
Q

what is the prosthetic group in metalloprotein

A

metals or minerals

72
Q

T or F
histones with nucleic acids are examples of nucleoproteins

A

T

73
Q

T or F
casein is an example of glycoproteins

A

F (phosphoprotein)

74
Q

Hemoglobin is an example of what type of conjugated protein?

A

chromoprotein

75
Q

T or F

Cytochrome is an example of chromoprotein

A

F (metalloprotein)

76
Q

the degradation products obtained by the hydrolysis of natural proteins with acids, alkalis, and enzymes

A

Derived Proteins

77
Q

2 Types of derived proteins

A

primary derived
secondary derived

78
Q

Also called as denatured proteins, in which some or all cross linkages which normally keep the molecular structure intact are broken.

A

Primary Derived

79
Q

Progressive hydrolytic product of protein hydrolysis

A

Secondary Derived

80
Q

T or F
proteose, peptones, polypeptides, and peptides are examples of primary derived proteins

A

F (secondary)

81
Q

T or F

coagulated proteins, proteans, and metaproteins are examples of primary derived proteins

A

T

82
Q

2 classifications of proteins based on shape and certain physical characteristics of proteins

A

fibrous and globular proteins

83
Q

classification of protein that is

elongated, asymmetrical, Tough, insoluble in water, arranged around a singular axis to form a ______

A

fibrous proeins

84
Q

what is the function of fibrous proteins

A

structural functions

85
Q

most abundant fibrous protein (25% in the body)

A

collagen

86
Q

fibrous protein that’s found in hair, scales, horns, wool, nails, and feathers

A

keratin

87
Q

classification of protein that is

circular, symmetrical-Involved in mobile and dynamic functions -Soluble in water

A

globular proteins

88
Q

function of globular proteins

A

transport

89
Q

3 examples of globular proteins

A

enzymes, hemoglobin, and plasma proteins

90
Q

the strictest indicator of homology and therefore the clearest indicator of common ancestry

A

amino acid sequence (sequence similarity)

91
Q

what is the similarity between proteins in a family

A

similar three-dimensional structures, functions, and sequence

92
Q

4 classifications of protein families

A

superfamily
family
domain
species

93
Q

The domains in a fold or three-dimensional structure are grouped into _______

A

superfamily

94
Q

describes a large group of distantly related proteins

A

superfamily

95
Q

he domains in a superfamily are grouped into _____, which are the recent common ancestor

A

family

96
Q

describes a small group of closely related proteins

A

family

97
Q

these are the same proteins that has a specific function and can function independently of the rest of the protein

A

protein domains

98
Q

the domains in protein domains are grouped into ___

A

species

biochem (31 decks)

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