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(M) Peptides and Proteins part 1 (ppt and lec based) Flashcards

1
Q

polymers of amino acids joined by peptide bonds

A

peptides and proteins

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2
Q

how are amino acids linked together

A

covalently linked together

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3
Q

T or F
Ionic bonding is stronger than covalent bonding

A

f

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4
Q

fill in the blanks

amino acid is composed of an amide bond between ________ of one amino acid with _________ of another amino acid

A

α-carboxyl group and α-amino group

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5
Q

covalent bonds between amino acids in a peptide

A

peptide bonds

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6
Q

how are peptide sequences written

A

l to r, n terminus to c terminus

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7
Q

what is do you call the removal of water in formation of a peptide bond

A

Dehydration reaction

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8
Q

type of nomenclature for longer peptides

A

one-letter code

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9
Q

T or F
N-terminal amnio acid residue does not keep its full amino acid name

A

T

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10
Q

Which amino acid residue get to keep its full amino acid name

A

C-terminal

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11
Q

what is the suffix used for amino acids ending with -ine or -ic

A

-yl

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12
Q

which amino acid is the exception to the -ine, -ic rule?

A

tryptophan

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13
Q

what are the components of the dipeptide AlanylSerine

A

alpha-carboxyl and alpha-amino group forming H2O

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14
Q

which structures is used more commonly than -CONH-

A

C=O and N-H

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15
Q

This has a lower molecular weight compared to proteins

A

Peptides

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16
Q

how many amino acids usually make up a protein

A

more than 50 amino acids

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17
Q

what do you call peptides that are polymers consisting of 2 to10 amino acids

A

oligopeptides

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18
Q

oligopeptide that only has 2 amino acids

A

dipeptide

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19
Q

oligopeptide that only has 3 amino acids

A

tripeptide

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20
Q

peptides that has more than 10 amino acids but less than 50

A

polypeptides

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21
Q

molecules with more than 50 amino acids

A

protein

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22
Q

heaviest type of peptide

A

protein

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23
Q

these are polypeptides that are clumped together

A

subunit

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24
Q

this hormone stimulates contraction of uterine muscles and ejection of milk during lactation

A

oxytocin

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25
how many amino acids are in oxytocin and vasopressin
9 aa
26
known as the cuddle hormone
oxytocin
27
this hormone plays a role in emotional interaction with another individual
oxytocin
28
hormone controlling blood pressure and volume
vasopressin
29
this stimulates the kidneys to retain water (anti-diuretic hormone or ADH)
Vasopressin
30
difference between vasopressin and oxytocin
third and eighth amino acid
31
what is the third and eighth aa of oxytocin
ILE and LEU
32
what is the third and eighth aa of vasopressin
PHE and ARG
33
When does vasopressin act
when patient is dehydrated
34
hormone regulating blood calcium levels
parathyroid hormone
35
how many aa does the parathyroid have?
84 aa
36
these are pentapeptides neurotransmitters which binds to receptor cites of the brain to reduce pain
enkephalins
37
what is this highly known enkephalin? TYR-GLY-GLY-PHE-MET
Met-enkaphalin
38
what is this highly known enkephalin? TYR-GLY-GLY-PHE-LEU
leu-enkephalin
39
this is a tripeptide present in high levels within our body that has an antioxidant property
glutathione
40
this is the most important of all biological compounds
proteins
41
Which Greek word is protein derived from?
proteios
42
what does proteios mean?
"of first importance"
43
T or F peptides have a higher molecular weight than protein
F (reverse)
44
how many aa does common protein have
400-500 aa
45
how may aa does small proteins have
40-100 aa
46
how many polypeptide chain does monomeric have
1
47
this is a protein that has 2 or more polypeptide chain
multimeric
48
function of protein that speeds up chemical reactions
catalyst
49
function of protein that has the capability to combine with insoluble molecules to become soluble in our blood
transport and storage
50
T or F only half of the proteins are soluble in the blood
F (majority)
51
function of protein that enables us to move our muscles
movement
52
function of protein wherein collagen and keratin are examples of
structure
53
these are proteins responsible for generation and transmission of nerve impulses
neurotransmitters
54
T or F Proteins are the major source of biological membranes
T
55
What are the 3 classifications of proteins based on composition
Simple proteins Conjugated Proteins Derived Proteins
56
classification of protein made up of amino acids only
simple proteins
57
this protein is soluble in water, dilutes aqueous salt solution, and heat coagulable
albumin
58
this protein is insoluble in water, soluble in aqueous salt solution, heat coagulable
globulin
59
this protein is soluble in dilute acids and alkalies, heat coagulable
glutelin
60
this protein is an alcohol soluble protein
prolamine
61
this is the least soluble simple protein, they are neutral solvents, and can dilute acids and alkalies
albuminoid or scleropotein
62
the simplest protein, basic, soluble in water and dilute ammonia, acid and alkali found in spermatozoa
protamine
63
basic protein that is soluble in water and very dilute acid, found in combination with DNA
histone
64
classification of protein made up of amino acid and other substances
conjugated proteins
65
what is the term for the added other substances in conjugated proteins
prosthetic group
66
what is the prosthetic group in nucleoprotein
nucleic acid
67
what is the prosthetic group in glycoprotein and mucoprotein
carbohydrates
68
what is the prosthetic group in phosphoprotein
phosphoric acid residues
69
what is the prosthetic group in chromoprotein
prosthetic group that gives color
70
what is the prosthetic group in lipoproteins
lipids
71
what is the prosthetic group in metalloprotein
metals or minerals
72
T or F histones with nucleic acids are examples of nucleoproteins
T
73
T or F casein is an example of glycoproteins
F (phosphoprotein)
74
Hemoglobin is an example of what type of conjugated protein?
chromoprotein
75
T or F Cytochrome is an example of chromoprotein
F (metalloprotein)
76
the degradation products obtained by the hydrolysis of natural proteins with acids, alkalis, and enzymes
Derived Proteins
77
2 Types of derived proteins
primary derived secondary derived
78
Also called as denatured proteins, in which some or all cross linkages which normally keep the molecular structure intact are broken.
Primary Derived
79
Progressive hydrolytic product of protein hydrolysis
Secondary Derived
80
T or F proteose, peptones, polypeptides, and peptides are examples of primary derived proteins
F (secondary)
81
T or F coagulated proteins, proteans, and metaproteins are examples of primary derived proteins
T
82
2 classifications of proteins based on shape and certain physical characteristics of proteins
fibrous and globular proteins
83
classification of protein that is elongated, asymmetrical, Tough, insoluble in water, arranged around a singular axis to form a ______
fibrous proeins
84
what is the function of fibrous proteins
structural functions
85
most abundant fibrous protein (25% in the body)
collagen
86
fibrous protein that's found in hair, scales, horns, wool, nails, and feathers
keratin
87
classification of protein that is circular, symmetrical-Involved in mobile and dynamic functions -Soluble in water
globular proteins
88
function of globular proteins
transport
89
3 examples of globular proteins
enzymes, hemoglobin, and plasma proteins
90
the strictest indicator of homology and therefore the clearest indicator of common ancestry
amino acid sequence (sequence similarity)
91
what is the similarity between proteins in a family
similar three-dimensional structures, functions, and sequence
92
4 classifications of protein families
superfamily family domain species
93
The domains in a fold or three-dimensional structure are grouped into _______
superfamily
94
describes a large group of distantly related proteins
superfamily
95
he domains in a superfamily are grouped into _____, which are the recent common ancestor
family
96
describes a small group of closely related proteins
family
97
these are the same proteins that has a specific function and can function independently of the rest of the protein
protein domains
98
the domains in protein domains are grouped into ___
species

biochem (31 decks)

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