OT Mod 3 Flashcards
Class A joints: are? (Examples and have what components?)
occipital-spinal, costal spinal,
sacroiliac. Lesions of these joints affect spinal
joints and related nerve centres through:
1) Disturbed nerve reflexes
2) Postural strains
3) Direct continuity of tissue strain
Class B joints: (Examples and have what components?)
shoulder- girdle, hip, knee,
ankle, foot. Lesions of these joints affect spinal
joints and related nerve centres through:
1) Disturbed nerve reflexes
2) Postural strains
Class C joints: (Examples and have what components?)
hyoid, mandible, larynx,
trachea. Lesions of these joints affect spinal
joints and related nerve centres through:
1) Disturbed nerve reflexes
anterior and posterior pillars are ??
Active and passive structures through coordinated activity
control posture
_________ are the strong, expanding pressure of the nucleus exerts its _____ to aid the spine in returning to the position of repose from
Anterior pillar (column of bodies)
Push
Forward-bent and side-bent positions
__________ the strong
contracting force of the _________ and
related ligaments exerts a ________ to aid in the return
from forward-bending or side-bending
Posterior pillar (column of arches)
Ligament sub-flava
Pull
Movement in the spine is made possible by ? (Make up for ?? of the length)
The elasticity of the discs which make up one fourth
of the length
The _____________ action of the _______
gives to the movement its freedom and perfect
action
The ball and socket action of the nucleus pulposus
Range of movement depends on??
1) Thickness of the intervertebral discs above and
below and their compressibility
2) The shape of the particular vertebra, its body,
articular processes, and laminae
3) Limitation of ligaments attached to the vertebrae
Cervical flexion is ______ _____ Than
extension.
Lateral flexion and rotation
accompany each other are relatively _______
Cervical flexion is less marked than
extension.
Lateral flexion and rotation
accompany each other are relatively free
compared to the dorsals and lumbars.
Due to the slant of the articular facets,
some _____ must be allowed to get
any ______ at all and some rotation
always accompanies _____
Due to the slant of the articular facets,
some side-bending must be allowed to get
any rotation at all and some rotation
always accompanies side-bending
According to Edythe Ashmore, SB and R
dysfunctions are named??
According to Edythe Ashmore, SB and R
dysfunctions are named according to
which movement comes firs
During long periods in an_________ the spring-like
curves of the spine together with the____ act as a _________ for the protection of the brain, the nervous system, and all the delicately balanced
body activities.
During long periods in an upright position, the spring-like curves of the spine together with the elasticity of the fibro-Cartilages act as a shock absorber for the protection of the brain, the nervous system, and all the delicately balanced body activities.
Cardiac curve is ??
A lateral curve believed to occur in the yielding spine in a growing child due to pressure of the heart and aorta
Structural scoliosis commonly results from _____ in young undeveloped persons who have a tendency to weakened muscles and who sit or stand in such
attitudes that the muscles are relieved of strain.
The strain is shifted to such insensitive structures
as ligaments and fascia’s.
faulty position (functional scoliosis)`
In theory, the spine becomes ____ as soon as
the individual _____
In theory, the spine becomes shorter as soon as
the individual takes the upright position after
having been in the reclining position
The weight of the upright body ____ ____
discs and also _____ ____ _____ curves
The weight of the upright body compresses the
discs and also increases the depth of the curves
Great importance in osteopathy perhaps due to the
fact that in no other part of the body is there so
much change from ______ there is in
the _______
Infancy to old age as there is in the intervertebral disc.
The _____ of the disc determines the rate at
which senility is expressed.
State of nutrition
Spinal suppleness may be retained to any age and
depends upon the ______________of the
individual spinal joints to allow for free motion to
which nerve action and tissue nutrition depend on.
Condition of ligaments, the short deep muscles, and the nucleus pulposus
The spine is the first organ in the body to undergo
the __________. Possibly due to the ???
Degenerative changes. Possibly due to the
unique functional relations of the spine
The chief forces to be withstood by the human
spine are, both of them very severe in humans
whose occupations involve strong bodily work??? (2)
Pressure and Tension
What makes the Annulus possible to control the rhythmic motion of the spinal joints and the spine as a organ. Sets the limits.?
The fibres of the annulus receive from the
vertebral bodies the tension of all the motions
of the spinal joint.
Together with the action of the elastic ligamentum subflavum
