History Y3 Flashcards
What are the properties of Superficial fascia?
Subcutaneous loose connective tissue
web of collagen with mostly elastic fibres
blends with deep fascia at key points: retinacula of the wrist and ankle, galea aponeurotica over the scalp
Contains fat, muscular tissue and cutaneous NAVL
What is the function of Superficial fascia?
Mechanical and thermal cushion
Enables gliding of skin above deep fascia (tensioning)
What are the properties/ Function of Deep fascia?
Sheaths muscles groups into compartments, NAVL vessels, viscera and glands, specializes around to joints to strength ligaments
Devoid of fat
term fascia technically undulated collagen fibres that are positioned in parallel to tendons and muscles
term aponeurosis (flat tendon) are inextensible collagen fibres running in series with muscle fibres to transmit the force of the large muscles ex. (Latissimus dorsi)
In limbs, trunk and neck doubling create laminae (s/i/d)
What is the function/ Structure of Epimyesium?
Encloses each single muscle, subdividing into various bundles e.g. inside the endomysium few elastic fibres/ no adipose, outside the perimysium many elastic fibres and adipose cells
Directly involved in the play of tension between muscles spindles and GTOs as it unites with deep fascia in the intermuscular septa, aponeuroses and tendons
On the actions of muscles passing over more than one joint??
John Cleland MD, 1866
3 parts of John Cleland’s idea?
i) produce movement in one continuous direction in all the joints over which they pass
(ex. Flexors and extensors of the fingers)
ii) others produce simultaneous movements in opposite directions at different joints
(ex. sartorius, lumbricales and dorsal interossei (flexing the proximal phalanges, extending the others)
iii) “a third set although calculated to cause motion in one direction at the different joints over which they pass, are yet in the ordinary gestures of the body so combined in action with other muscles that when at one of those joints there is movement in one direction, at the other there is movement in the opposite.”
The upper limb/ Trunk movment (Flexion), and ankle Dorsiflexion can be refered to as?
Ante-Motion
The Upper limb (Extension)/ Trunk (Extension), (planterflexion)… Called?
Retro-Motion
Adduction ankle inversion… called?
Medio-Motion
Adduction, ankle inversion.. Called?
Medio-Motion
Abduction, Lateral flexion, ankle Eversion? Called…
Latero-Motion
Radio-ulnar Supination, Rotation, Hip external Rotation?
Extra-Rotation
Radio-ulnar Pronation, Rotation, Hip Internal Rotation?
intra-rotational
Each myofascial unit has ??
Centre of coordination that directs the muscular forces acting in the segment.
Muscle spindles contract, the ??? and annulospiral endings are ???
Muscle spindles contract, the central part enlarges and annulospiral endings are activated. 1a and 1b afferents convey impulses to the spinal cord the the second phase of the alpha fibres can commence.
