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3rd Year > Mod3Anatomy > Flashcards

Mod3Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the boarders of the Superior mediastinum?

A

Superior: Thoracic outlet superiorly

Inferior: Sternal Angle

Anterior – Manubrium of the sternum.

Posterior – Vertebral bodies of T1-4.

Lateral – Pleurae of the lungs.

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2
Q

What are the Contents of the Superior mediastinum? (Organs and Arteries)

A

Organs: thymus, trachea, esophagus

Arteries: aortic arch, brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery

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3
Q

What Muscles are connected to the Superior mediastinum?

A

Sternohyoid and sternothyroid muscles

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4
Q

What are the Contents of the Superior mediastinum? (Vein and Nerves)

A

Veins and lymphatics: superior vena cava, brachiocephalic veins, the arch of the azygos, thoracic duct

Nerves: left and right vagus, recurrent laryngeal, cardiac, left and right phrenic nerves

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5
Q

What are the boarders of the Anterior mediastinum?

A

Lateral borders: Mediastinal pleura

Anterior border: Body of the sternum and the transversus thoracis muscles.

Posterior border: Pericardium.

Roof: Continuous with the superior mediastinum at the level of the sternal angle.

Floor: Diaphragm.

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6
Q

What are the Contents of the Anterior mediastinum? (Organs and Arteries)

A

Organs: thymus

Arteries: internal thoracic branches

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7
Q

What mediastinum is the sternopericardial ligaments located in?

A

Anterior mediastinum

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8
Q

Which mediastinum has no nerve contents?

A

Anterior mediastinum

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9
Q

What are the boarders of the posterior mediastinum?

A

Lateral: Mediastinal pleura

Anterior: Pericardium.

Posterior: T5-T12 vertebrae.

Roof: Imaginary line extending between the sternal angle (the angle formed by the junction of the sternal body and manubrium) and the T4 vertebrae.

Floor: Diaphragm.

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10
Q

What are the contents of the posterior mediastinum? (Organ and Arteriel)

A

Organs: esophagus, Thoracic duct

Arteries: descending thoracic aorta, Bronchial, Posterior Intercostals, Superior Phrenic

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11
Q

What are the contents of the posterior mediastinum? (Vein and nerve)

A

Veins and lymphatics: azygos hemiazygos veins, thoracic duct

Nerves: vagus, splanchnic, sympathetic chain (Thoracic)

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12
Q

The middle mediastinum is bordered by ??

A

Anterior: Anterior margin of the pericardium.

Posterior: Posterior border of the pericardium.

Laterally: Mediastinal pleura of the lungs.

Superiorly: Imaginary line extending between the sternal angle (the angle formed by the junction of the sternal body and manubrium) and the T4 vertebrae.

Inferiorly: Superior surface of the diaphragm

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13
Q

What are the contents of the middle mediastinum? (Organ and Artery)

A

Organs: the heart and its great vessel roots, trachea and main bronchi

Arteries: ascending aorta, pulmonary trunk, pericardiacophrenic arteries

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14
Q

What are the contents of the middle mediastinum? (Vein and Nerve)

A

Veins and lymphatics: superior vena cava, pulmonary veins, pericardiacophrenic veins

Nerves: phrenic, vagus, sympathetics

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15
Q

The anterior thoracic mediastinum contains the _______ muscles, an accessory muscle of expiration.

A

Transversus thoracis

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16
Q

What are the contents of the carotid sheath?

A

The carotid artery, jugular vein, vagus nerve

17
Q

What are the tribituaries of the Great Cardiac Vein?

A

Left Marginal, Ventricular, artialm Oblique

18
Q

What are the tribituaries of the Coronoary Sinus?

A

Great/ Middle/ Small Cardiac Veins, Posterior vein of L Vent, Oblique vein of L Atrium, L Marginal

19
Q

Where is the Superficial Cardiac Plexus located?

A

Inferior to aortic arch, anterior to pulmonary trunk

20
Q

Where is the Deep Cardiac Plexus Located?

A

Posterior to aortic arch, anterior trachea (Tracheal bifurcation)

21
Q

Trachea spans from?

A

The lower border of the cricoid cartilage to its bifurcation into the left and right main bronchi. (C6-T5)

22
Q

Pathway of the Right Vagus nerve? (as it enters the thorax)

A

Medulla oblongata in the brainstem.

STA

Passes anterior to the subclavian artery and posterior to the sternoclavicular joint, entering the thorax.

23
Q

What is the pathway of the Right recurrent laryngeal nerve ?

A

Hooks underneath the right subclavian artery

Ascends towards to the larynx.

It innervates the majority of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx.

24
Q

Pathway of the Left Vagus nerve? (as it enters the thorax)

A

Medulla oblongata in the brainstem.

STA

Passes inferiorly between the left common carotid and left subclavian arteries, posterior to the sternoclavicular joint, entering the thorax.

25
Q

In the thorax, the right and left vagus nerve forms the ???

A

Right posterior vagal trunk
left forms the anterior vagal trunk.

26
Q

The esophageal hiatus is located ? What passes through ?

A

T10

Esophagus and the vagus nerve

L. Gatsric A/V

27
Q

The Caval hiatus is located ? What passes through ?

A

IVC T8

Right phrenic nerve

28
Q

The Aortic hiatus is located ? What passes through ?

A

Aorta, Azygos, and Thoracic duct at T12

29
Q

What are the Pericardial ligaments?

A

Superior sternopericardial ligament
Inferior sternopericardial ligament
Phrenicopericardial ligaments (Central tendon continuation)

30
Q

What are the nerves of the cavernous sinus ?

A

oculomotor nerve (CN III), trochlear nerve (CN IV), ophthalmic nerve (V1), maxillary nerve (V2), abducens nerve (CN VI),

31
Q

What is the coronary ligament?

A

Reflected peritoneium attaching Sup/Poster part of Livers R Lobe to the diaphragm

32
Q

what muscles are innervated by oculomotor nerve?

A

Superior rectus muscle
Medial rectus muscle
Inferior rectus muscle
Inferior oblique muscle

33
Q

What vetebral levels is the Superior Cardiac plexus?

A

C1-4

34
Q

What vetebral levels is the Middle Cardiac plexus?

A

C5-6

35
Q

What vetebral levels is the Inferior Cardiac plexus?

A

C7-T1

36
Q

Cardiac and Pulmonary Plexus vetebral level?

A

T1-5

37
Q

What is the pathway of the right vagus?

A

Out Jugular foramen

Within carotid (Between common carotid and internal jug

Anterior to R. Subclavian

STA

Post to Superior Vena Cava

Posterior to right Bronchus

(Pulmonary and Cardiac plexus Branches)

Posterior Esophageal Plexus

Passes through Esophageal Hiatus as? (Posterior Vagal trunk)

Posterior to somach

38
Q

What is the pathway of the Left vagus?

A

Out Jugular foramen

Within carotid (Between common carotid and internal jug

STA

Anterior to Arch of Aorta

Posterior to Left Pulmonary Artery

Posterior to left Bronchus

(Pulmonary and Cardiac plexus Branches)

Anterior Esophageal Plexus

Passes through Esophageal Hiatus as? (Anterior Vagal trunk)

Anterior to somach

39
Q
A

3rd Year (26 decks)

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