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Pharmacology > Opioids > Flashcards

Opioids Flashcards

1
Q

Opioids MOA

A

Opioid receptor agonists, blocks release of pain neurotransmitters from nociceptors and inhibits GABA release

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2
Q

Opioid receptors

A

Mu receptors, kappa receptors, delta,

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3
Q

Mu receptor location

A

found in the brainstem and medial thalamus

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4
Q

Mu receptor actions

A

analgesia, respiratory depression, euphoria, sedation, decreased GI motility, physical dependence

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5
Q

Kappa receptor location

A

limbic and other diencephalic areas, brainstem, spinal cord

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6
Q

Kappa receptor actions

A

analgesia, sedation, dyspnea, dysphoria, respiratory depression

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7
Q

Delta receptor location

A

brain

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8
Q

Opioid agonists

A

morphine, fentanyl, hydromorphone, codeine, oxycodone, methadone, heroin

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9
Q

Partial agonists

A

buprenorphine, butorphanol

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10
Q

anatagonists

A

Naloxone, naltrexone

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11
Q

Suboxone

A

buprenorphine + naloxone

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12
Q

Short acting

A

codeine, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, morphine, oxycodone, oxymorphone, fentanyl

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13
Q

Long acting

A

fentanyl, levorphanol, methadone, morphine, oxycodone, oxymorphone

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14
Q

ADR

A

sedation, lethargy, constipation, respiratory depression, NV, pruritis/urticaria

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15
Q

Over dose triad

A

miosis, loss of consciousness, respiratory depression

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16
Q

Over dose antidote

A

naloxone

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17
Q

Morphine ADR

A

direct histamine release, respiratory depression, orthostasis, constipation, NV

18
Q

Codeine MOA

A

weak mu agonist, metabolized to morphine

19
Q

Codeine drug interactions

A

inhibited by bupropion, cimetidine, celecoxib, cocaine

20
Q

Oxycodone MOA

A

activity at mu and kappa receptors, high potency analgesic

21
Q

Hyrocodone MOA

A

weak activity at mu receptor

22
Q

Hydromorphine MOA

A

activity at mu and delta receptors

23
Q

Fentanyl MOA

A

strong mu agonist

24
Q

Meperidine (demerol) MOA

A

weak mu agonist

25
Q

Meperidine interactions

A

MAOI- respiratory depression

26
Q

Propoxyphene MOA

A

weak mu agonist, NMDA antagonist

27
Q

porpoxyphene ADR

A

dizziness, sedation, weakness, falls, agitation, insomnia, neurotoxic, cardiotoxic

28
Q

Methadone MOA

A

mu agonist serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, analgesic effect

29
Q

Methadone ADR

A

cardiotoxicity- torsades

30
Q

Buprenorphine MOA

A

mu receptor partial agonist, kappa receptor antagonist

31
Q

Buprenorphine ADR

A

sedation, NV, dizziness, HA, respiratory depression

32
Q

Naloxone (Narcane) MOA

A

mu receptor antagonist. reversal agent for opioid OD, reverses respiratory depression, sedation, hypotension

33
Q

Naltrexone (vivitrol)

A

opioid receptor antagonist

34
Q

Tramadol

A

synthetic codeine analog

35
Q

tramadol ADR

A

seizure risk, suicide risk, serotonin syndrome risk, dizziness, vertigo, nausea, constipation, HA, somnolence, vomiting, pruritis

36
Q

Tramadol interactions

A

CYP2D6, CYP3A4 inhibitor, serotinonergic drugs, Carbamazepine

37
Q

Tapentadol MOA

A

mu opioid agonist, NE reuptake inhibitor

38
Q

Tapentadole indication

A

specifically approved for diabetic neuropathy

39
Q

Tapentadole ADR

A

fatal if taken with EtOH, drowsiness/dizziness

40
Q

Opioid withdrawal symptoms

A

irratbility, anxiety, restlessness, chills, sweating, abd pain, ND, sneezing, rinorrhea, dilated pupils, muscle weakness, pain, insomnia

Pharmacology (33 decks)

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