ENT Flashcards
Epinephrine MOA
Functional antagonist to histamine bronchoconstriction
Epinephrine contraindications
Heart disease
Epinephrine adverse reactions
Restlessness, anxiety, tremors, weakness, palpitations, NV, pallor
1st gen antihistamine
Meclizine, hydroxyzine, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, promethazine, brompheniramine, chlorpheniramine, doxylamine
Meclizine
1st generation antihistamine
Hydroxyzine
1st generation antihistamine
Dimenhydrinate
1st generation antihistamine
Diphenhydramine
1st generation antihistamine
promethazine
1st generation antihistamine
brompheniramine
1st generation antihistamine
chlorpheniramine
1st generation antihistamine
Doxylamine
1st generation antihistamine
1st generation antihistamine indications
allergic reactions, motion sickness, nausea, insomnia, Blocks EPS, local anesthetic
Difference between 1st gen and 2nd gen antihistamines
1st gen is more sedative, non-selective and has more side effects
Effects of non selective H1 blockers
inhibition of histamine in smooth muscle, decrease in inflammation, CNS neurotransmitter release, cognitive and psychomotor function. increase in appetite and sedation. Anti-cholinergic effects.
2nd generation antihistamines
loratidine, desloratidine, fexofenadine, cetirizine, levocetirizine,
2nd generation antihistamines with some sedation
cetirizine and levocetirizine
loratidine
2nd generation antihistamine
desloratidine
2nd generation antihistamine
fenofenadine
2nd generation antihistamine
cetirizine
2nd generation antihistamine
levocetirizine
2nd generation antihistamine
Nasal antihistamines
Azelastine, olapatadine
Ocular antihistamines
azelastine, olapatadine, ketotifin fumurate
Decongestant classes
alpha agonists, steroids, mast cell stabilizers, leukotriene inhibitors
Alpha Agonists
Phenylephrine, Pseudoephedrine, oxymetalozine, Naphazoline
Nasal Steroids
Beclomethasone, Budesonide, Ciclesonide, Flunisolide, Fluticasone, Mometasone, Triamcinolone
Mast Cell Stabilize
cromolyn sodium
Leukotriene inhibitors
montelukast, zafirlukast, zileuton
Phenylephrine MOA
a1 selective agonist. Potent vasoconstrictor
Phenylephrine indications
nasal decongestant, mydratic, hemorrhoid