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Anti-epileptic Flashcards

1
Q

Carbamazepine

A

First line for partial seizures

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2
Q

Oxcarbazepine

A

first line for partial seizures

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3
Q

Lamotrigine

A

adjunct for focal, tonic clonic, absence. second line bipolar and lennox gastaut

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4
Q

Valproic Acid

A

Focal seizures, generalized tonic clonic mixed seizures, absence, migraine, bipolar

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5
Q

Levitiracetam

A

focal seizures, myoclonic, primary generalized tonic clonic

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6
Q

Lacosamide

A

adjunct focal

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7
Q

Zonisamide

A

Adjunct focal

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8
Q

Perampanel

A

second line focal seizures, generalized tonic-clonic

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9
Q

Phenobarbital

A

second line short term sedative, generalized and focal seizures, lennox-gastuat syndrome. First line status epilepticus

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10
Q

Primidone

A

generalized tonic clonic, psychomotor, focal seizures

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11
Q

Gabapentin

A

peripheral neuropathy, bipolar disorder

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12
Q

pregablin

A

diabetic peripheral neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, adjunct for focal seizures, fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain from spinal cord injury

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13
Q

Exogabine

A

adjunct for focal

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14
Q

Felbamate

A

refractory partial seizures, lennox gastaut

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15
Q

Eslicarbazepine

A

monotherapy for partial onset seizures

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16
Q

Topiramate

A

focal seizures, generalized tonic clonic, lennox-gastaut, migraine prophylaxis, weight loss

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17
Q

Ethosuximide

A

absence seizures

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18
Q

Phenytoin

A

generalized tonic-clonic, focal

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19
Q

Fosphenytoin

A

status epilepticus

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20
Q

Clonezepam

A

lennox gastaut, second line absence

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21
Q

Diazepam

A

first line status epilepticus

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22
Q

Lorazepam

A

status epilepticus

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23
Q

midazolam IV

A

status epileptics

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24
Q

Clobazam

A

adjunct for lennox gastuat

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25
Q

Tiagabine

A

adjunct therapy in pts 12 and older for focal seizures

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26
Q

Brivaracetam

A

adjunct treatment for partial onset seizures

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27
Q

Carbamazepine MOA

A

inhibits Na channels

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28
Q

Carbamazepine contraindications

A

bone marrow suppression, use of MAOI, HLA-B 1502

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29
Q

Carbamazepine common ADR

A

Drowsiness diplopia, HA, ataxia, dizziness, NVD, constipation, abd pain, decreased appetite, leukopenia, hyponatremia, rash

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30
Q

Carbamazepine serious ADR

A

aplastic anemia, hepatitis, pancreatitis, SJS, TEN, preg cat D

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31
Q

Oxcarbamazepine MOA

A

inhibits Na channels

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32
Q

Oxcarbamazepine common ADR

A

sedation, dizziness, diplopia, Ha, nausea,

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33
Q

Oxcarbamazepine serious ADR

A

SJS, TEN, hyponatremia, angioedema, anaphylaxis

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34
Q

Lamotrigine MOA

A

blocks Na channels, enhances H current, modulates kainate receptors

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35
Q

Lamotrigine warnings

A

SJS, DRESS, suicide, aseptic meningitis

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36
Q

Lamotrigine interactions

A

OC, valproate

37
Q

Lamotrigine common ADR

A

Ha, insomnia, drowsiness, diplopia, ataxia, rash, Nausea

38
Q

Lamotrigine serious ADR

39
Q

Valproic acid MOA

A

enhanced Gaba transmission, Na channel inhibitor, modulation of T-type calcium channels

40
Q

Valproate contrindications

A

liver disease, pregnancy

41
Q

Valproate common ADR

A

NV, fatigue, dizziness, tremor, alopecia, weight gain, depression, hyperammonemia, rirregular periods, bone loss

42
Q

Valproate serious ADR

A

hepatoxicity, pancreatitis, thrombocytopenia

43
Q

Levetiracetam

A

binding of SV2a, modulates kainate receptor, reverses GABA inhibition

44
Q

Levetiracetam common ADR

A

dizziness, somnolence, asthenia, irritabilit

45
Q

Levetiracetam serious ADR

A

anxiety, agitation

46
Q

Topiramate MOA

A

blocks Na channels, increases freq at which GABA opens Cl- channels, antagonizes glutamate action, inhibits carbonic anhydrase

47
Q

Topiramate warnings

A

acute myopia and angle closure glaucoma, oligohidrosis and hyperthermia, metabolic acidosis, nephrolithiasis, suicidal ideation, cleft palate, renal dose adjust

48
Q

Topiramate serious ADR

A

bullous skin rxn, hepatic failure, maculopathy, glaucoma, pancreatitis, nephrolithiasis, metabolic acidosis, neuropsych decline, osteoporosis

49
Q

Topiramate common ADR

A

somnolence, ataxia, speech disorders, difficulty with memory, parasthesia, weight loss

50
Q

Topiramate drug interactions

A

decreased by valproate, phenytoin, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, OC, CNS depressants

51
Q

Ethosuximide MOA

A

blocks T-type calcium channels

52
Q

Ethosuximide common ADR

A

NVD, abd discomfort, decreased appetite, drowsiness, dizziness, HA, agitation, pink-brown urine

53
Q

Ethosuximide serious ADR

A

blood dyscrasias, liver, kidney effects, SLE, SJS, neuropsych

54
Q

Phenytoin MOA

A

slows recovery of Na channels

55
Q

Phenytoin common ADR

A

sedation, impaired cognition, slurred speech, nystagmus, decreased coordination, confusion, dizziness, HA

56
Q

Phenytoin serious ADR

A

osteomalacia, lymphadenopathy, dermatitis

57
Q

Fosphenytoin MOA

A

prodrug of of phenytoin

58
Q

Zonisamide MOA

A

blocks Na channels and t type channels, mild carbonic anhydrase inhibitor

59
Q

Zonisamide contraindications

A

sulfa allergy

60
Q

Zonisamide warnings

A

SJS, blood dyscrasias, oligohidrosis, hyperthermia, suicide, met acidosis, teratogenicity, kidney stones

61
Q

Zonisamide common ADR

A

somnolence, fatigue, anorexia, weight loss dizziness, confusion, ataxia, agitation, memory loss

62
Q

Zonisamde serious ADR

A

nephrolithiasis, leukopenia, oligohidrosis, rash, depression, met acidosis

63
Q

Lacosamide MOA

A

enhances slow inactivation of Na channels

64
Q

Perampanel MOA

A

noncompetitive glutamate receptor antagonist

65
Q

Perampanel common ADR

A

anxiety, confusion, imbalance, diplopia, nausea, weight gain, aggressive behavior, paranoia

66
Q

GABA drugs

A

barbiturates, benzodiazepines, gabapentin, pregablin, tiagabine, vigabatrin,

67
Q

Phenobarbital MOA

A

prolong GABA mediated chloride channel opening

68
Q

Phenobarbital warnings

A

addictive, hyperalgesia, pregnancy, peds, EtOH, respiratory depression

69
Q

Phenobarbital common ADR

A

CNS depressant, depression, hyperactivity, impaired attention, dizziness, decreased libido, erectile dysfunction, nausea, foalte def, anemia, rash, fever, bone loss, hypocalcemia

70
Q

Primidone MOA

A

metabolized to phenobarbital

71
Q

Primidone ADR

A

ataxia, NV, diplopia

72
Q

Benzodiazepine MIA

A

increase freq of GABA mediated chloride channel opening

73
Q

Gabapentin MOA

A

blocks Ca channels, enhances H current, suppresses presynaptic vesicle release, suppresses NMDA receptors

74
Q

Gabapentin ADR

A

sedation, somnolence, dizziness, weight gain

75
Q

Pregablain MOA

A

son of gabapentin

76
Q

Pregabalin ADR

A

angioedema, peripheral edema, weight gain, somnolence, dizziness

77
Q

Tiagabine MOA

A

interferes with GABA reuptake

78
Q

Tiagabine warnings

A

new onset seizures

79
Q

Vigabatrin MOA

A

GABA analog. irreversibly inhibits GABA transaminase

80
Q

Vigabatrin ADR

A

vision loss

81
Q

Ezogabine MOA

A

opens potassium channels

82
Q

Ezogabine ADR

A

dizziness, somnolence, confusion, hallucinations, blue skin, retinal pigment changes, urinary retention

83
Q

Felbamate MOA

A

blocks Na channels and modulate NMDA and GABA receptors

84
Q

Felbamate ADR

A

last line due to risk of aplastic anemia and acute hepatic failure

85
Q

Eslicarbazepine serious ADR

A

SJS, TEN, DRESS, anaphylaxis, hyponatremia, elevated LFT, thyroid function,

86
Q

Eslicarbazepine common ADR

A

vertigo, vision changes, NV, fatigue, dizziness, HA, ataxia, balance disorder

87
Q

Eslicarbazepine drug interactions

A

OC, warfarin, statins

88
Q

Brivaracetam ADR

A

somnolence, dizziness, fatigue, NV

Pharmacology (33 decks)

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