Opioid Drugs Flashcards
1
Q
fentanyl
A
- 100x more potent than morphine
- metabolized by CYP3A4
- pain medicine
2
Q
alfentanyl
A
- 10x more potent than morphine
- used for induction of anesthesia
3
Q
remifentanil
A
- 100x more potent than morphine
- used for induction of anesthesia
- IV opioid with rapid onset and brief duration
4
Q
sufentanil
A
- 1000x more potent than morphine
- used for induction of anesthesia
5
Q
meperidine
A
- very similar to morphine
- short t1/2
- risk of interaction with MAO inhibitors, toxic metabolite buildup
- often abused by healthcare workers d/t anticholinergic effects causing a lack of pinpoint pupils
6
Q
methadone
A
- very similar to morphine
- also NMDA receptor antagonist
- risk of prolonged QT interval
- has caused large number of deaths
7
Q
heroin
A
-higher lipid solubility than morphine
8
Q
hydromorphone
A
- used for moderate to severe pain
- adverse effects are similar to morphine and they can be reversed by naloxone
9
Q
codeine
A
- moderate to strong opioid
- REQUIRES metabolization by CYP2D6 for analgesia
- cough supression
10
Q
oxycodone
A
- strong opioid
- metabolized by CYP3A4
11
Q
hydrocodone
A
- moderate to strong opioid
- only available in combination with other drugs like acetaminophen
12
Q
pentazocine
A
- agonist at kappa receptors
- antagonist at mu receptors
- produces analgesia, sedation, and respiratory suppression
- risk of anxiety, nightmares, and opioid withdrawal sx
13
Q
butorphanol
A
- agonist at kappa receptors
- partial agonist at mu receptors
- produces analgesia, sedation, and respiratory suppression
- increases cardiac work
- risk of anxiety, nightmares, and opioid withdrawal sx
14
Q
buprenorphine
A
- kappa receptor antagonist
- mu receptor partial agonist
- produces analgesia, sedation, respiratory suppression
- risk of opioid withdrawal, prolonged QT, spasm of sphincter of Oddi
15
Q
naloxone
A
- pure opioid antagonist
- precipitates immediate withdrawal symptoms
