Drugs for Endocarditis, Myocarditis, and Pericarditis

Question 1

Benazepril

Answer 1

• ACE inhibitor
• used for HTN and HF by reducing EF
• DOES NOT contain sulfhydryl group
• risk of angioedema (esp in AA)
• FETAL TOXICITY

Question 2

Captopril

Answer 2

• ACE inhibitor
• used for HTN, HF, and some renal
• CONTAINS sulfhydryl, DO NOT give to pt with sulphur allergy
• FETAL TOXICITY

Question 3

Enalapril

Answer 3

• ACE inhibitor
• used in diabetic neuropathy, HF, HTN, and stroke prophylaxis
• risk of angioedema (esp in AA)
• FETAL TOXICITY

Question 4

Fosinopril

Answer 4

• ACE inhibitor
• used in HF, HTN, proteinuria
• DOES NOT contain sulfhydryl group
• combination with thiazide diuretics is synergistic
• FETAL TOXICITY

Question 5

Lisinopril

Answer 5

• ACE inhibitor
• used in HF, HTN, acute MI
• may cause excessive reduction in BP in pts who take diuretics.
• may cause reduced blood glucose
• may damage renal system for pts on NSAIDS
• FETAL TOXICITY

Question 6

Losartan

Answer 6

• Angiotensin II receptor blocker
• used in HTN, reduce the risk of stroke, diabetic neuropathy with elevated creatinine, and proteinuria in pt w/ T2DM
• FETAL TOXICITY

Question 7

Valsartan

Answer 7

• Angiotensin II receptor blocker
• used in HTN, HF, post-MI
• FETAL TOXICITY

Question 8

Carvedilol

Answer 8

• combined α and β-blocker
• used in HF, left ventricular dys post-MI, HTN
• DO NOT ABRUPTLY DISCONTINUE
• may increase asthma issues

Question 9

Bisoprolol

Answer 9

• β1-blocker
• used in angina, aFib, aFlutter, HF, HTN
• DO NOT ABRUPTLY DISCONTINUE

Question 10

Metoprolol

Answer 10

• β1-blocker
• many cardiac indication
• DO NOT ABRUPTLY DISCONTINUE

Question 11

Furosemide

Answer 11

• Diuretic
• used in edema
• do not give to pt with anuria
• monitor pts for electrolyte imbalance
• ototoxicity when combined with aminoglycosides

Question 12

Spironolactone

Answer 12

• Aldosterone antagonist
• used in HF, edema, HTN, hyperaldosteronism
• Do not give to pts with hyperkalemia, or addison’s dz
• risk of gynecomastia

Question 13

NSAIDS and Colchicine

Answer 13

• pericarditis

- interacts with CYP3A4

Question 14

Glucocorticoids

Answer 14

-pericarditis in pts who can not take NSAIDS

Question 15

Vancomycin

Answer 15

• empiric therapy for endocarditis

- risk of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity