Diarrhea, Abdominal Pain, and Constipation Flashcards
1
Q
Bismuth subsalicylate
A
- DIARRHEA TREATMENT
- Prostaglandin inhibitor
- decreases secretions
2
Q
Loperamide
A
- DIARRHEA TREATMENT
- Opioid agonist
- inhibits peristalsis
- cardiac toxcitity at high doses
- classic anticholinergic
3
Q
Diphenoxylate
A
- DIARRHEA TREATMENT
- Opioid agonist (C-V)
- inhibits smooth muscle and peristalsis
- small dose of atropine added to discourage abuse
- opioid effects seen at high doses
- classic anticholinergic
4
Q
Eluxadoline
A
- IBS-D TREATMENT
- Opioid agonist (C-IV)
- Agonist at opioid mu & kappa receptors in GI, slows peristalsis
- ANTAGONIST at delta receptors in stomach, panc, biliary (decreased secretions)
- hepatic/pancreatic toxicity (panc in pts w/o gallbladder)
5
Q
Alosetron
A
- SEVERE IBS-D TREATMENT (unresponsive)
- Serotonin (5HT3) antagonist (modulates pain, transit, and secretions)
- risk of ISCHEMIC COLITIS
6
Q
Crofelemer
A
- HIV/AIDS - DIARRHEA TREATMENT
- Chloride channel inhibitor (and cAMP stimulated CTFR)
7
Q
Hyoscyamine
A
- ABDOMINAL PAIN TREATMENT (spasms)
- Antimuscarinic agent
8
Q
Dicyclomine
A
- ABDOMINAL PAIN TREATMENT (spasms)
- Antimuscarinic agent
9
Q
Methylnaltrexone
A
- OPIOID INDUCED CONSTIPATION TREATMENT
- Peripheral mu opioid receptor antagonist
10
Q
Naloxegal
A
- OPIOID INDUCED CONSTIPATION TREATMENT
- Peripheral opioid antagonist
11
Q
Alvimopan
A
- CONSTIPATION TREATMENT
- ONLY used to prevent post-operative ileus after bowel surgery
- Peripheral opioid antagonist
- risk of MI (can only be used for 15 doses)
12
Q
Linaclotide
A
- CONSTIPATION TREATMENT (IBS-C, or chronic idiopathic constipation)
- Guanylate Cyclase-C Agonist
- increases secretions into lumen of bowel
13
Q
Lubiprostone
A
- CONSTIPATION TREATMENT (IBS-C, chronic idiopathic constipation, opioid induced)
- prostaglandin E1 derivative
- Selective chloride (C2) channel activators
- increases secretions into bowel lumen.
14
Q
Bulk forming/Hydrophillic colloidal agents
A
- LAXATIVES
- Fiber/bran
- Psyllium
- Methylcellulose/carboxymethylcellulose
- Calcium polycarbophil
- need fluids!
15
Q
Stool softeners
A
- LAXATIVES (surfactant/emollient)
- Docusate salts
- mineral oil
- increases fluid in the GI tract,
