Antiarrhythmic Drugs Flashcards
1
Q
Class 1A antiarrhytmics
A
- Block sodium channels: reduce the slope of phase 0, prolong QRS
- Block potassium channels: prolong action potential duration, prolong QT interval
2
Q
Procainamide
A
- Class 1A Antiarrhythmic
- Sodium Channel Blocker
- Adverse effects: QT prolongation (torsades de pointes), SLE
3
Q
Quinidine
A
- Class 1A Antiarrhythmic
- Sodium Channel Blocker
- Adverse effects: QT prolongation (torsades de pointes), GI effects, cinchonism (tinnitus, confusion, delirium, vis disturbance, psych)
4
Q
Disopyramide
A
- Class 1A Antiarrhythmic
- Sodium Channel Blocker
- Adverse effects: QT prolongation (torsades de pointes), strong antimuscarinic properties
5
Q
Class 1B antiarrhythmics
A
- Block sodium channels: bind preferentially to inactivated channels, and dissociate with fast kinetics (only have an effect on damaged tissue).
- May shorten action potential
- DO NOT block potassium channels
6
Q
Lidocaine
A
- Class 1B Antiarrhythmic
- sodium channel blocker
- blocks channels in both heart and neural cells (also an anesthetic)
- used only by IV route
- neurologic effects: paresthesia, tremor, slurred speech, convulsion
7
Q
Mexiletine
A
- Class 1B Antiarrhythmic
- sodium channel blocker
- can be used orally
- similar cardiac effect to lidocaine
8
Q
Class 1C antiarrhythmics
A
- Block sodium channels
- Block SOME potassium channels
- PROLONG QRS
- does NOT prolong QT or total AP duration
9
Q
Flecainide
A
- Class 1C Antiarrhythmic
- sodium channel blocker
- used in supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias
- may exacerbate existing arrhythmia in pts w/ past MI or ectopic rhythms
10
Q
Propafenone
A
- Class 1C Antiarrhythmic
- sodium channel blocker
- Has some β-blocking activity
- used in supraventricular arrhythmias in pts w/o structural dz
- may exacerbate existing arrhythmia in pts w/ past MI or ectopic rhythms
11
Q
Class 2: β-blockers
A
- Block β-adrenergic receptors on cardiac pacemaker cells
- Decreased levels of cAMP lead to decreased levels of PKA, which leads to decreased Ca2+ and Funny sodium channels
- Decreased AP slope and increased threshold
12
Q
-Propranolol
A
- Class 2 Antiarrhythmic
- β-blocker
- used for cardiac arrhythmias assoc. w/ stress and thyroid storm, aFib, aFlutter, parox. SVT, acute MI
13
Q
Esmolol
A
- Class 2 Antiarrhythmic
- β-blocker
- Short acting (t1/2 = 10 min)
- Used with continuous IV infusion for supraventricular arrhythmias, acute MI
14
Q
Class 3: Potassium channel blockers
A
- block potassium channels and control the regulation of APs
- Prolong AP, QT interval, and refractory period
15
Q
Amiodarone
A
- Class 3 Antiarrhythmic
- Potassium channel blocker (also blocks sodium and calcium channels)
- used in recurrent vTach, and aFib
- Causes AV block, bradycardia, pulmonary fibrosis, hepatitis, thyroid issues….
