nutrient digestion and absorption 2 Flashcards
how are di and tri peptide moved into the cell
through pept1 transporters
what is need for di an tro peptie to move into the celll
h+ with them, which then leave again
how anre mone pepoes absone
broken down into invicul anoacids using peptiase
what trapsoreed move na in in exchange fo protein for di / tri pmerntidie adding
nhE3 transporter
what is the benfitis of di/ tri peptide absobption
it makes the area clsoe to the intereisla cell lumen more acidic thus decreasing the ph making it more freily enfvirement for fats
what percent of preotien in teh small intestis are di perpoesa nd tri prepis
50
what do di and trip peptoes get hydolied into amnio acids as
ingtercelluar pididase
what is the lacteal
a capilly like lymphatic vell connected to the lymph below
what are the layers of a villus from exterior to interio
epithel, lamina propila, blood capillaries, lacteal
where are fats stored
white adipose tissue
what are fats stored as
triglycerides
why are fats so energy dense
the lack oxygen
what are triclyges made up of
gylcer and 3 fatty acids joined togher by a ester bond
what is relased when fat is broked up
water
what enzyme digests fa
pancreatic lipase
are triacyclgoes soluble in water
no
how does lipase work
seperates triglyceries into molyges and free fatty acids , making them slumeb in water
surfactant role
outside water solube (hydorpllic head) inside water hating oil lovig ( hydropbobic tail
hgow are fat globeas abroed
taken into a water solue bmisxtre by bile salt and phosohes to make an emilued fat drop;les
are bil salts hydrophobic or hydroilic
both
examples of bile salts
sodium cholate, sodium deoxycholate, sodium glycopltate, sodium tauocholate
sturcure of phospolips
tow long chaings of fatty acids(hydrophobic) an hydrophilic phoslipid acid head
emultaiofn
diviing lipid into smlller parts
mechianal disrepution to cluse emulsiton
smmoth musle contraction to gind and mix it
emulsifaon agent
prevents it regorming into large driplests ie.e. bile salts and pholips
amphiphatic mocles
molues whih are both ploalr and non polar
what special feautre do fatty acids have
carbolix acid gorup and a long hydrocarbon chain
what is the benifiti of fatty acid
it is more liphollic menaing it can diffiuse across the cell membrane easier
what happens when micells break down
relaes, bile sualt , phosphibid , monglides and fatty acids
why is an acidic ph prefered for absomng fats
as fats are slightly acidic due to fatty acid nature
are mycles absorbed
no
are monoglyrers absomebd
yes
are free fatty acids abdoed
yes
where do fatty acids and monnogyceride go after entering the ell
ser
what hapens in teh ser
monogylaes an free fatty acids form triglycers
what happpens in the gohgi apparatus
cholesterol , triglyerices and protien join to form chylomicrons
what to chylomicores cohontin
cholesteral , fat soulbel vitamesn, phospolyspwh
where to chylomirs go
lacterals between iendothel cell adn into lymphac system
summary of fat absobrpion
are made into emultion droplests using phophipsis and bile salts
are turned into miclesl using pancreatic lipad and colipase lipase
are broke down into fattry acids an monoglycertides
are diffused not the cell
they are then refoed in to tricleured by the ser
they are then combined with cholesterol, triglycrisa dn protein and removed vai the gobiapartus to form lyjnaphic system
what cahmical turns triclyers into monoglyceris and free fatty acids
lipase and colipae
what is oristat
a lipase inhibitor
waht is a common side effect of lipase inhigro
steatorrhea
what are the types of fat soluble vitemns
a,d,e,k
what are the types of water soluble vitamens
b,c and folic acid
what is needed for vit b12 to be absobred
it needs to bind to a intrinsic factor
what is calusesd by a b12 deficienty
pernicious anaemia
where are intricnis factros proed
stomach
what cells produce intrinci factos
parietls cells in stomcac
where is b12 absoebd
ileum
what is pernicous anemai
failure of erythrocyes maturation
