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Alimentory System > nutrient digestion and absorption 2 > Flashcards

nutrient digestion and absorption 2 Flashcards

1
Q

how are di and tri peptide moved into the cell

A

through pept1 transporters

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2
Q

what is need for di an tro peptie to move into the celll

A

h+ with them, which then leave again

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3
Q

how anre mone pepoes absone

A

broken down into invicul anoacids using peptiase

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4
Q

what trapsoreed move na in in exchange fo protein for di / tri pmerntidie adding

A

nhE3 transporter

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5
Q

what is the benfitis of di/ tri peptide absobption

A

it makes the area clsoe to the intereisla cell lumen more acidic thus decreasing the ph making it more freily enfvirement for fats

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6
Q

what percent of preotien in teh small intestis are di perpoesa nd tri prepis

A

50

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7
Q

what do di and trip peptoes get hydolied into amnio acids as

A

ingtercelluar pididase

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8
Q

what is the lacteal

A

a capilly like lymphatic vell connected to the lymph below

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9
Q

what are the layers of a villus from exterior to interio

A

epithel, lamina propila, blood capillaries, lacteal

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10
Q

where are fats stored

A

white adipose tissue

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11
Q

what are fats stored as

A

triglycerides

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12
Q

why are fats so energy dense

A

the lack oxygen

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13
Q

what are triclyges made up of

A

gylcer and 3 fatty acids joined togher by a ester bond

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14
Q

what is relased when fat is broked up

A

water

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15
Q

what enzyme digests fa

A

pancreatic lipase

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16
Q

are triacyclgoes soluble in water

A

no

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17
Q

how does lipase work

A

seperates triglyceries into molyges and free fatty acids , making them slumeb in water

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18
Q

surfactant role

A

outside water solube (hydorpllic head) inside water hating oil lovig ( hydropbobic tail

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19
Q

hgow are fat globeas abroed

A

taken into a water solue bmisxtre by bile salt and phosohes to make an emilued fat drop;les

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20
Q

are bil salts hydrophobic or hydroilic

A

both

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21
Q

examples of bile salts

A

sodium cholate, sodium deoxycholate, sodium glycopltate, sodium tauocholate

22
Q

sturcure of phospolips

A

tow long chaings of fatty acids(hydrophobic) an hydrophilic phoslipid acid head

23
Q

emultaiofn

A

diviing lipid into smlller parts

24
Q

mechianal disrepution to cluse emulsiton

A

smmoth musle contraction to gind and mix it

25
Q

emulsifaon agent

A

prevents it regorming into large driplests ie.e. bile salts and pholips

26
Q

amphiphatic mocles

A

molues whih are both ploalr and non polar

27
Q

what special feautre do fatty acids have

A

carbolix acid gorup and a long hydrocarbon chain

28
Q

what is the benifiti of fatty acid

A

it is more liphollic menaing it can diffiuse across the cell membrane easier

29
Q

what happens when micells break down

A

relaes, bile sualt , phosphibid , monglides and fatty acids

30
Q

why is an acidic ph prefered for absomng fats

A

as fats are slightly acidic due to fatty acid nature

31
Q

are mycles absorbed

A

no

32
Q

are monoglyrers absomebd

A

yes

33
Q

are free fatty acids abdoed

A

yes

34
Q

where do fatty acids and monnogyceride go after entering the ell

A

ser

35
Q

what hapens in teh ser

A

monogylaes an free fatty acids form triglycers

36
Q

what happpens in the gohgi apparatus

A

cholesterol , triglyerices and protien join to form chylomicrons

37
Q

what to chylomicores cohontin

A

cholesteral , fat soulbel vitamesn, phospolyspwh

38
Q

where to chylomirs go

A

lacterals between iendothel cell adn into lymphac system

39
Q

summary of fat absobrpion

A

are made into emultion droplests using phophipsis and bile salts
are turned into miclesl using pancreatic lipad and colipase lipase
are broke down into fattry acids an monoglycertides
are diffused not the cell
they are then refoed in to tricleured by the ser
they are then combined with cholesterol, triglycrisa dn protein and removed vai the gobiapartus to form lyjnaphic system

40
Q

what cahmical turns triclyers into monoglyceris and free fatty acids

A

lipase and colipae

41
Q

what is oristat

A

a lipase inhibitor

42
Q

waht is a common side effect of lipase inhigro

A

steatorrhea

43
Q

what are the types of fat soluble vitemns

A

a,d,e,k

44
Q

what are the types of water soluble vitamens

A

b,c and folic acid

45
Q

what is needed for vit b12 to be absobred

A

it needs to bind to a intrinsic factor

46
Q

what is calusesd by a b12 deficienty

A

pernicious anaemia

47
Q

where are intricnis factros proed

A

stomach

48
Q

what cells produce intrinci factos

A

parietls cells in stomcac

49
Q

where is b12 absoebd

A

ileum

50
Q

what is pernicous anemai

A

failure of erythrocyes maturation

Alimentory System (19 decks)

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