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Alimentory System > gut microbiota > Flashcards

gut microbiota Flashcards

1
Q

time taken for food to go form mouth to oesphagus

A

1 min

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2
Q

tie taken food is in oesphagu

A

4-8sec

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3
Q

time taken food is in stomac

A

2-4 horus

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4
Q

time foodn in sin smallninsts

A

3-5 hours

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5
Q

time of food in colon

A

10 hours to severla days

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6
Q

where is most of the bacteria in the gi travct

A

colon

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7
Q

bacteria found in mouth

A

streptococcus
anticnomyces
veilloneall
fusobacterium
porphromona
prevotella
treponema

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8
Q

common bacerai foudn in stomahc

A

lactobacciuls
candida
streocouccus
h pylor
peptostreococcus

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9
Q

common bacteira found in duodenu

A

stretococcus
laptobaccilus

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10
Q

common bacteira found in jejunum and proximal illeum

A

streptococcus , lactobacilllus

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11
Q

common bacteria foudn in distal illue

A

clodstidum
strepotcocsu
baceroides
acintomycinase
coryneactaisea

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12
Q

factors which cchagne hte gut micorbia

A

type of food - solid, formaular fhalthfood, inguriedes, whre it is form
antiboic treamtn
malnution
obses
age

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13
Q

fucntion of gut mboaita

A

defects agian pahtesn, tough ph inhiobt and barrier
modifes hosts section e.g. mucin and bile
metaboels of diteary compenos
produion of esserion metabolism
development f immune system
host signal - gut to brain axis

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14
Q

what are food which is bad for gut mciobisn

A

junk food

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15
Q

food whih si good for gut micorbison

A

fiber, i.e. plants, flut vegiaons, whore garins,

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16
Q

benifits of high fireb diet

A

imporve falce buliking reuling in an easire passesage
impiortan phyto chmea nd antioxian and fitamens
used fo rbacteiarl fermaiton, to help maintain ph, increase commnelaa bactal population, supply of short chain fatty acids

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17
Q

what is the stie of the most fermaitn of gut

A

cecum and ascingn colon

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18
Q

what is the ph in ascneg colon

A

mildy acidic

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19
Q

what is the main fucnitons of the right side of colon

A

shot chain faty acid and carbohyarte abostopon and metaboims

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20
Q

what is the fuciotn of the left side of the colon

A

slow utnrove rand liftel fuciotne ot hte carbosph mainly protein produciont

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21
Q

ph of descing colon

A

neutral

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22
Q

what is the harmful chemical found in desidng colon

A

nyh3 , h2,

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23
Q

what are the 3 main scfa needed in colon

A

buyrate
propinoate
acetate

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24
Q

acetate -

A

used fo rlipogneis and tranplorted in blood to peri;phaeral tissues

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25
Q

propionate

A

gluconeogenis in liver
satiety signalling

26
Q

butyrate

A

intestinal peithel cell gorwht and regenationa

27
Q

wher is most gi disseasi in colon

A

in distal colon due to higher ph and more harmful chemical s

28
Q

does baceira fermaion lower ior incerase ph

A

lower ph

29
Q

products of bacerial fermation

A

insulin, statch, lactae, and actaltate

30
Q

what is sected in reposen ot acetat en proinate

A

glp 1 secteion wihc inhibs fat accumulation

31
Q

what is the rulsut of propiaon adn butyrate

A

pyy secion , which improes insulin reisant and satiety signaling to brian

32
Q

what is a ruls of butyrate

A

conic inflaitona nd carcinogneis - antiinlaiotn cyctokinesase

33
Q

role of outer mucus layer

A

barrier effect, commensial bacteir close ot epitlh black adn prvets adhesi of pathsgens

34
Q

role of inner mus layer

A

prevnet bacteria pentetion

35
Q

epitheal layer reolw

A

if the bacteir pentre hte inner mus layer they are killed by the immeun systme

36
Q

barrier effect of baceria

A

due to the sheer number of baceria close to the prevnet colonisaiton by ingested pathogens and inhibit gorwh of portely pathogneic bactirea

37
Q

active competive exclusion

A

conferred by oth micorbe - microb and micrbon to host interacotin

38
Q

what are cns disease linke o gut micobitoa

A

autiism specutm diagios
depressive disored
ms

39
Q

what are gi disored likned to micorbia

A

ibd
ibs
nafld
cirrhosis

40
Q

what are the metabolism disroed linked to microbome

A

insulin reisance
metabolic syndoem
obesity
cvd

41
Q

what immunity disroedr sare associed with the micorbioe

A

allergies
autoimmune disease
cancer immuotharpy

42
Q

how does hte gut microbia in ibd

A

reduced bacteiral diverisy

43
Q

down side of ibd on micorbia

A

incraed diarrhea, and decreadd diesre for fibre

44
Q

effect of bacterial compoin on microb

A

kill comensla baciera

45
Q

is the effect of different antiboics differnet

A

yes, vancomyin is mroe powerful than clindamycin and it is more powerful then coproflaxin

46
Q

what is the genral cahnge in baceria afer antiboi

A

firmicutes, and bacterides declina dn protetocabcteia increla

47
Q

downside of protbacires

A

Pro inflmatory

48
Q

downside of c diffe after antiboic thapry

A

it opens other neices follwoing antiboic shtapry, thus incrs in gorwn
cuase toin rodunion, abdo pain andf fvever
some staings are antiboics resiant

49
Q

how does fecal microbla transport work

A

fecal sample form screened healthly donor transplanted into recpiant
donor mcrobia repopulates large inteisns, displaces c diff, prevents reinefection

50
Q

what percent of fmt is effect in c diffe

A

90%

51
Q

effect of scfa on reudcion in carbohdyresase

A

reduced no. of scfa

52
Q

what is aproboitics

A

a live microcorim that when admistred in an adequete amount has a helab benfit

53
Q

what is a preboitic

A

a subatn that selecilty utilsed by host microogaim conferring a host benifit

54
Q

what role are carried out by many bacteria

A

competoin, barrier and reuciotn of inlaotm

55
Q

what roles in the body are carried out by a limmited no. of bacteri

A

bioconserion diet
direction antagoism
immune stimulation

56
Q

what is the ratte effect form microboiome

A

prodution of vitamens

57
Q

why are proboics hard to judge

A

large no. of thtem
they are indivalist

58
Q

what can preboics secte in brain

A

scfa which rect wiht immuen clls

59
Q

health benfis of preboics

A

increase insuil senivy, incread barrier funion, reudced inlaoma nd lipids
increased stiety, reudced food intake
increaed imune boosint , reuicng inflaion and allergic rections
increaed claclum absopon

60
Q

exampoe of preboic

A

b glucan fibr form oats/ barley

61
Q
A

Alimentory System (31 decks)

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