NP: Chapter 5 Recovery and treatment Flashcards
acquired brain injury 5 types
traumatic brain injury
verebrovascular accident
brain tumor
lack of oxygen
encephalitis
3 congenital disorders
adhd
downs syndrome
autism
3 soorten consequences of acquired brain injury ABI
emotional, cognitive, behavioural
on what three factors does spontaneous recovery depend
- type of injury/ethiology
- severity of injury
- location
recovery =
progress in functioning in comparison with the time of brain injury, not a full retunr to premorbid functioning
(neurological or psychological recovery)
after … there is usually little further cognitive improvement
a year
how about behavioural functioning improvement?
this can keep on progressing! people can train themselves to adapt better to their limitations. = coping
(maar echt de cognitieve vaardigheden kunnen niet perse meer verbeteren)
direct neuropsychological symptom =
loss or change in behaviour or cognitive processes as a direct consequence of damage
indirect neuropsychological symptom =
attempt by the patient to deal with this impairment
welk level hoort bij welke symptom
neurological = direct
psychological = indirect
welke approach hoort bij welke recovery level
direct = neuro = restorative approach
indirect = psych = compensatory approach
welke approach kan het langste duren
compensatory approach
Kennard principle =
principle that recovery from the consequences of brain damage is better at young age than at adulthood.
but….. this is not backed up by research
neural plasticity is a …. process
continuous (involves all areas of thre brain and throughout life)
restitutive reconnection
after injury, the neurons in areas adjecent to the damaged area quickly create new neural connections to replace the lost connections
learning in recovery of brain injury =
learn old skills that are lost and new skills to cope/adapt
learning definition =
relatively permanent change in behavioural repertoire that is the result of experience
ICDIH model kleine definitie
international classification of
1. impairments,
2. disabilities and
3. handicaps
impairments =
manifestations of disorders at an organ level, their description relates to the function of an organ.
impaired leg function
disabilities =
consequences of impairments at a personal level
impaired leg -> geen voetbal meer kunnen spelen
handicap =
adverse effect of societal functioning due to the impairment.
bv geen been meer is impairment voor footballplayer, maar minder voor secretaresse
ICF kleine definitie
international classification of function, activities, participation
ICF model van boven naar beneden
health condition
body functioning & structures - activities - participation
environmental factors - personal factors
functions =
mental properties of the human organism
disorders =
impairments/loss of mental functions
activities =
components of a persons actions
activity restrictions =
reduction or loss of the ability to carry out an activity
participation =
a persons participation in society (role fulfilment)
participation restrictions =
the adverse position of a person that results from a disorder or restriction that hampers or prevents their normal societal role fulfilment
hierarchy of neuropsychological methods Gross & Schutz linker rij
environmental control
S-R conditioning
skill training
strategy training
cognitive cycle
hierarchy of neuropsychological methods Gross & Schutz bovenste rij
learning
generalisation
self-monitoring
goal setting
change in…
hierarchy of neuropsychological methods Gross & Schutz change in rij van boven naar beneden
behavior
behavior routine
skill
strategic ability
attitude
the restorative model uitleg
assumes that training had to be focused on the recovery of the damaged congitive function and underlying brain structure.
the compensatory model uitleg
currently the most popular model in rehabilitation
assumes that damage is irreversible, but that the consequences of this damage should be compenstaed for as much as possible by using intact functions and abilities
dus restorative model doel
recover brain function via training
let patient repeatedly perform the same task, calling on the damaged function, so that it can become stronger
kritiek op restorative model =
too nonspecific, too simplistic + no evidence
the compensatory model doel
not to improve damaged function or to eliminate impairments, but to improve functioning with regard to activities and participation level by using intact abilities
= make the best out of intact brain functions!
