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Clinical & Neuropsychology > CP: Lecture 4 Mood > Flashcards

CP: Lecture 4 Mood Flashcards

1
Q

mood =

A

long duration
not directed at an object
mostly have a biasing effect on cognition

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2
Q

emotions=

A

short
directed at an object
bias cognition and action

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3
Q

dus anxiety vs fear

A

anxiety = mood
fear = emotion

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4
Q

2 theories of mood

A

feeling theory of mood
dispositional theory of mood

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5
Q

feeling theory of moods =

A

moods are raw feelings, objectless.

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6
Q

dispositional theory of mood

A

mood generates cognitions and mood-congruent appraisals

= being in a sad mood -> appraising situations as uncontrollable.
= being in an angry mood -> appraising situations as threatening

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7
Q

wanneer is mood een probleem

A

als het significant distress/impairment geeft in areas of functioning

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8
Q

2 poles of mood

A

Mania
Hypomania
Normal elation
Neutral/balanced mood
Normal sadness
Mild - moderate depression
Major depressive disorder

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9
Q

male vs female MDD

A

male = 13 %
female = 24.4%

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10
Q

totale mdd prevalentie in lifetime

A

18,7%

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11
Q

dysthymia =

A

persistent depressive disorder
at least 2 years

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12
Q

prevalence dysthymia=

A

1,3

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13
Q

hoeveel % recovers within 12 months of MDD

A

80

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14
Q

relapse rates / return to clinic for MDD

A
  • 25-40% within 2 years
  • 60% within 5 years
  • 91% within 20 years
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15
Q

MDD DSM 5 criteria

A

sad mood or loss of interest

plus 3 or more:
poor appetite+weight loss / increased appetite+weight gain
loss of energy
sleeping issues
psychomotor retardation or agitation
feelings of worthlessness
difficult concentrating
death or suicide thoughts

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16
Q

persistent depressive dysorder

A

= combi dysthymia + chronic mdd

depressed mood for at least 2 years, more than half of the days

plus 2 symptoms:
hopelessness
sleeping to much or too little
eating changes
trouble concentrating
poor self esteem (Anders dan bij MDD)

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17
Q

hoeveel heritability of unipolar mood disorders

A

37%

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18
Q

2 biological explanations of unipolar depression

A

heritability 37%
serotonin/dopamine

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19
Q

psychological explanations of unipolar depression

A

neuroticism
becks negative triad (negative views of the world -> negative views of future -> negative views of self -> world etc)
hopelessness
rumination (cycle of negative thinking, blijven hangen)

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20
Q

social aspects of unipolar depression

A

expressed emotion
lower social competence

21
Q

biological treatments MDD

A

SSRI, ECT

22
Q

psychodynamic theory treatment

A

over losses

acceptance and mourning

23
Q

behaviourism/learning

A

anhedonia

behavioural activation, activity scheduling (MOODFOOD)

24
Q

cognitive therapies MDD

A

CT, MBCT, IPT

25
Q

which ones have the most evidence

A

SSRI, ECT, CT, MBCT, IPT, CBT

26
Q

MBCT =

A

a decentering exercise, meditation

27
Q

welk process wordt getarget door cognitive therapy and behavioural activation bij mdd

A

situation -> automatic negative thoughts -> negative feelings <-> behaviour, doing nothing

28
Q

what does cognitive therapy target

A

the automatic negative feelings:
- identify
- challenge
- awareness

29
Q

what does behavioural activation target

A

the behaviour: encourage rewarding activities via positive reinforcement

30
Q

4 soorten therapy depression

A
  1. psychoeducation
  2. psychotherapies (all of them usually equally effective)
  3. anti-depressants (only severe depression, there just as effective as psychotherapy)
  4. intensification or electroconvulsive therapy
31
Q

hoe heet het als je steeds een stukje verder gaat in treatment als de vorige niet werkt

A

stepped care

32
Q

suicide numbers

A
  • Men are 4 times more successful
  • 90% of those who attempt suicide have a psychological disorder
  • 50% … have MDD
  • Untreated depression: 20% risk for suicide
33
Q

neurobiological model of suicide

A

heritability: 48%
serotonin low
hyper HPA system

34
Q

psychological models of suicide

A

problem-solving deficit
hopelessness
life satisfaction

35
Q

social factors

A

economic recessions
media reports of suicide
social isolation

36
Q

mdd treatment …

A

effective, but high relapse levels

37
Q

verschil duratie hypomania vs mania

A

hypomania = at least 4 days
mania = 1 week or hospitalization

38
Q

hypomania and mania beiden

A

a distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated or irritable mood

39
Q

extra symptoms mania/hypomania

A

at least 3:

psychomotor agitation/goal directed
talkative
race of thoughts
decreased need for sleep
inflated self esteem
risky activities
distractability

40
Q

alle verschillen hypomania vs mania

A

functioning: mania niet, hypomania wel
hospitalization: mania wel, hypomania niet
psychotic symptoms: alleen bij mania
different from normal: bij beiden, maar bij mania meer
difference clear for others: bij meiden, maar bij mania meer
duration: mania = 1 wk, hypomania = 4 days

41
Q

complete mania = diagnosis

A

bipolar 1

42
Q

wat nodig voor bipolar 2

A

hypomania + MDD

43
Q

some hypomanic symptoms + some depressive symptoms =

A

cyclothymic disorder

44
Q

bipolar 1 disorder criteria A

A

at least one manic episode

45
Q

biological explanantions bipolar

A

heritability = 93% (HEEL HOOG)
serotonin/dopamine

46
Q

psychological explanations bipolar

A

reward sensitivity -> excessive goal persuit

47
Q

other explanations bipolar

A

major life event -> sleep deprivation (major risk factor)

48
Q

medications treatment bipolar

A

mood stabilizing: lithium

if untolerable: anticonvulsant (antiseizures) or antipsychotic

49
Q

2 andere soorten therapie voor bipolar

A

psychoeducation
cognitive therapy: focused on depression, problem solving, recognizing symptoms

Clinical & Neuropsychology (29 decks)

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