CP: Lecture 2

Question 1

different levels of explanation

Answer 1

complaints + symptoms = clinical trials
processes = experimental studies
physiology = fundamental research and psychoactive drugs

happens all at the same time!

Question 2

simple diathesis stress model

Answer 2

diathesis = genetic/biological predisposition

diathesis + stress -> complaints/symptoms

Question 3

general model of psychopathology: distal factors

Answer 3

heritable predisposition, early experiences

Question 4

heritable predisposition =

Answer 4

genetics, temperament

Question 5

early experiences =

Answer 5

trauma, nurture, care, deprivation

Question 6

proximal factors

Answer 6

strength & vulnerabilites
support & stress

Question 7

strenght and vulnerabilities

Answer 7

personality, coping, attributions, fenotype, schemas, cognition, neuroendocrine, attachment

Question 8

support and stress

Answer 8

trauma, stress, social, medication, therapy

Question 9

complaints and symptoms can affect…

Answer 9

support and stress

Question 10

wat hoort bij diathesis

Answer 10

heritable predispositions, strenght and vulnerabilites

Question 11

wat hoort bij stress

Answer 11

early experiences, support and stress

Question 12

relatie simpele model en general

Answer 12

simpele model repeats itself again and again -> self-fulfilling prophecy door positive feedback

Question 13

evidence based practice 3 aspecten

Answer 13

individual clinical experience
best external evidence
patient values and expectations

Question 14

dodo bird effect =

Answer 14

alle technieken zijn effectief (maar doen wel wat anders)

Question 15

waardoor kan het dodo bird effect uitgelegd worden

Answer 15

effectivity:
15% technique
15% expectancy
30% therapeutic relationship
40% client variables and factors outside of therapy

Question 16

the degree of influence posed by the client and therapist is inversely related to the potency of the therapeutic intervention

Answer 16

dus hoe meer invloed van client en therapist, hoe minder invloed van therapy

Question 17

carl rogers

Answer 17

client-centered therapy
listen, do not interrupt, summarize

Question 18

3 aspects van client centered therapy

Answer 18

1. authenticity
2. unconditional positive regard
3. empathy

this way a client can self-actualize, become fully functioning (integrated personality)

Question 19

evidence client-centered therapy now

Answer 19

the factors are necessary but not sufficient

Question 20

albert ellis

Answer 20

early cognitive therapy

directive, point out errors, give advice

Question 21

nu cognitive therapy

Answer 21

directing questions, client zelf op het antwoord laten komen ipv het voorzeggen

Question 22

fritz perls

Answer 22

gestalt therapy: experiental therapy

directive, powerful, process oriented, here and now, integration of experience and material

Question 23

2 techniques of experiental

Answer 23

• empty chair (roleplay)
• therapist role: guiding, experiencing perspectives of others

Question 24

catharsis=

Answer 24

opwekken van krachtige emoties, emotional breakthrough

Question 25

wat is nu consensus over catharsis

Answer 25

bestaat niet echt. gestalt therapy kan daardoor juist voor meer anger zorgen (ipv het releasen).

Question 26

schema therapy

Answer 26

aanpassen van unconscious schemas, childhood trauma etc

Question 27

3 aspects of diagnosis case conceptualisation

Answer 27

context (what, who, where, when?)
development (origin, clients part, origin personality, what symptoms now?)
personality (typical patterns of reaction, underlying ways of thinking)

Question 28

classification heeft effect op..

Answer 28

self image
others perspective
insurance
treatment
problem definition

Question 29

pro’s of classification

Answer 29

common language
clarity: who are we helping?
evidence on classifications
without some grouping, no process in research

LEREN

Question 30

cons of classification

Answer 30

stigma
overdiagnosis (inflation)
medicalizing problems
time and culture dependent
heterogeneity
reification: abstract concept is interpreted as a concrete one