Nitrates

Question 1

Nitrates

Drug Names

Answer 1

Isosorbide dinitrate
Isosorbide mononitrate
Nitroglycerin

Question 2

Indications

Answer 2

Prevention and treatment of attacks of angina pectoris

Question 3

Mechanism of Action

Answer 3

Act directly on smooth muscle to cause relaxation and depress muscle tone of blood vessels

Question 4

Contraindications

Answer 4

Allergy
Severe anemia
Head trauma or cerebral hemorrhage
Pregnancy/lactation

Question 5

Adverse Effects

Answer 5

r/t vasodilation and decrease in blood flow
CNS: HA, dizziness, and weakness
GI: nausea, vomiting
CV: hypotension
Misc.: flushing, pallor increased perspiration

Question 6

Drug-Drug Interactions

Answer 6

Ergot derivatives
Heparin
Sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil

Question 7

Assessment

Answer 7

HX & Physical exam: known allergy, early MI, head trauma, cerebral hemorrhage, hypotension, hypovolemia, anemia, or low-cardiac-output states, pregnancy/lactation; skin; complaint of pain, including onset, duration, intensity, location, and measures used to relieve it; respirations, LS, cardiac status, BP, basleine ECH, and appropriate lab values