New Media Flashcards
Lister
Lister (2008) identified key differences between new and traditional forms of media.
Digitality
Characteristic of new media
1. Digitality - this means using computers, where all data are converted into numbers Which can then be stored, distributed and picked up using screen-based products such as phones, TV and computers. Boyle
2005) notes this allows information to be delivered across a range of platforms due to convergence.
Interactivity
- Interactivity-where the audience can interact with the media, creating their own media rather than passive consumption. Users interact and create media using web 2.0 or through voting on TV programmes. Jenkins
(2008) argues this has led to participatory culture - media companies rely heavily on the audience to contribute to the content.
Collective intelligence
Collective intelligence-
Users interact with each other creating a buzz Jenkins (2004) points out none of us know everything but we each know something and if we pool this together we have collective intelligence which contradicts the power of media owners.
Virtuality
- Virtuality - Refers to the various ways people can limmerse themselves in the media and create imaginary online identities.
Bivens
Reading task: Bivens 2008 suggests the developments of new media have lec significant changes in the traditional journalism of old media:
1) Shifts in traditional news flow cycles - News production relies on a flow of from trustworthy individuals, the rise of citizen journalism; when the public journalists -collect, report and spread news stories, has created not only a increase in the quantity of information but also increased the speed of inf an article is posted online, it is shared globally immediately. Traditional me longer control the flow of information. This means journalists have less time the news with 24-hour demand.
2) Heightened accountability- Citizen journalism has made traditional media organisations more accountable to the public as their reports are scrutinised and responded to online and through blogs. News corporation’s try to tackle this by offering transparency in online material.
3) Evolving news values - Some important news values influencing reporting have been emphasised through new media. In a competitive market the traditional media companies need to beat the competition providing live coverage and up to date news stories from around the world. Values of news organisations begin to change as traditional stations include non-professional material from YouTube videos and citizen reports.
McNair
McNair (2006) suggests the new media have meant that elite groups have less power tc push their own news agenda. Top down control of media owners is replaced by cultura chaos, anarchy, disruption, dissent, openness and diversity. The power balance has bet shifted - the readers now hold this power.
Bivens and Philo agree that this shift in power is only slight, news organisations still shape the agenda.
Philis study of the banking crisis of 2012 illustrates that power elite still hold power to shape the media agenda
Curran and seaton
Curran and Seaton (2010) Suggest there are two general views of the new medias impact in society:
- Cultural optimists/ Neo-Philliac view: Which sees the new media as playing a positive role in society - those who like, rapidly embrace and adapt to new media technology and are avid users of new media.
- The cultural pessimist view: This has a more negative view of new media in society and believes it is another form of social control.
Cultural optimists : greater democracy
. McNair (2006) argues information is «power, readers create content, social movements use the media to spread the ideas, protest groups use the media to spread a message, bloggers also spread messages. No one group calls the shots on the content.
Neo Philliac/Cultural optimists: global village
The world becomes a global village
As suggested by McLuhan - new media breaks barriers in rime and space to make the world a smaller place.
Cultural pessimists: a threat to democracy
MacKinnon (2012) uses the concept of the SOVEREIGNS OF CYBERSPACE to describe how large companies such as apple and google now own so much media they have more power than the government
Curran and Seaton (2010) argue they have power yet no responsibility.
Mackinnon (2010) argue that repressive regimes use the new media and control the use of this. They censor material and use it to surveillance their citizens. This has also been seen in western countries.
Seymour and Curran
All cultural optimists arguments
More informed consumers
Greater democracy
More access to all kinds of information
The world becomes a global village
Social life is enhanced
More informed consumers
Wider choices and more user participation
Social life is enhanced
As people share global culture and build a globalised identity from the media saturated society
