Nanophyetus salmincola (1)

Question 1

What is the common name?

Answer 1

Salmon Poisoning Fluke

Question 2

What are the final hosts?

Answer 2

Dogs

Cats

Other fish eating mammals

Raccoons

Minks

Question 3

What are the intermediate hosts?

Answer 3

1st intermediate hosts: Snail

2nd intermediate hosts: Various Salmonoid Fish

Question 4

Describe adults

Answer 4

Ovoid

Up to 2.5 mm long

Creamy white adults

In small intestine

Question 5

Describe eggs

Answer 5

Up to 80 micro m long

Oval

Yellowish brown

Thick shelled

Question 6

Explain life cycle

Answer 6

Adult fluke produces eggs

Eggs excreted in feces

Eggs develop to miracidia

Miracidia infect snail

Snail releases larvae

Larvae develop to cercariae and infect fish

Develop into metacercariae in fish

Fish ingested by final hosts

PPP: 1 week

Question 7

What is the site of infection?

Answer 7

Adults - small intestine

Question 8

Describe the Pathogenesis

Answer 8

Extremely pathogenic

Pacific NW US and Canada

Clinical Problems

 - Caused by rickettsial organism (Neorickettsia helminthoeca)
        - Flukes are vector
        - Causes salmon poisoning in dogs only

Salmon poisoning Disease

May infect people

Question 9

Describe Salmon Poisoning Disease

Answer 9

Hemorrhage enteritis

Lymph node enlargement

Sudden onset of:

 - Fever
 - Vomitting
 - Diarrhea
 - Weight loss
 - High mortality

Question 10

How do you diagnose?

Answer 10

Fecal sedimentation for detection of eggs

Question 11

How do you treat and prevent?

Answer 11

Appropriate trematocidal Anthelmintics (e.g. Albendazole or fenbendazole)

Praziquantel and Fenbendazole - Dogs

Tetracyclines - Treatment of choice for rickettsial organisms

Question 12

What is important about Nanophyetus salmincola?

Answer 12

It is ZOONOTIC