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Microbio > Mycoses > Flashcards

Mycoses Flashcards

0
Q

Caracteristiques des dimorphes?

A

Levure ou moisissure selon temperature

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1
Q

Les 5 caracteristiques des fungis?

A 
Eucaryotes
Mb cell ergosterol
Paroi polysaccharides (glucans, chitine)
Heterotrophe/absorbotrophes
Facteurs de virulence (capsule antiphagocytose, toxines, enzyme, adhesines, thermotolerence
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2
Q

Caracteristiques des levures?

A

Unicell
Rond ou oval
Reproduction par bourgeonnement (fission binaire)
Colonies

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3
Q

Caracteristiques des moisissures?

A

Pluricell

Structure filamenteuse

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4
Q

Mycelium?

A

Ensemble d’hyphes

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5
Q

Conidie?

A

Cell propagatrice (repro asexuée)

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6
Q

Spore?

A

Cell propagatrice (reproduction sexuée)

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7
Q

Les deux categories des moisissures?

A

Hyphomycète et mucorales (zygomycètes)

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8
Q

Caractéristiques des hyphomycètes?

A

Septées
Minces
Angles aigus

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9
Q

Caractéristiques des mucorales (zygomycètes)?

A

Non septées
Larges
Angles droits

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10
Q

Mycose?

A

Infection causée par fungi

Rares chez humains

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11
Q

Mycose superficielle ou profonde= quel type de maladie?

A

Infection

Envahissement des tissus. Dommages directs Et causés par réponse de l’hôte.

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12
Q

Mycose superficielle touche quels tissus?

A

Peau + muqueuses

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13
Q

Mycose cutanée et sous-cutanée touche…?

A

Derme et vaisseaux lymphatique, os

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14
Q

Mycose profonde (mycose invasive) touche…?

A

Tissus normalement stérils ( poumons, yeux, foie, etc.)

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15
Q

Syndrome d’hypersensibilité est quel type de maladie?

A

Allergie, i.e. Réponse exagérée de l’hôte.

Pas d’envahissement de tissus

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16
Q

Comment mycotoxicoses?

A

Ingestion ou inhalation de toxines de fungi. Cause dommages directs. Cause empoisonnement. Fungi produisent bcp toxines dégradant matière organique.

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17
Q

Les antifongiques attaquent quelles structures?

A

Les composantes propres, i.e. Mb et paroi cell

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18
Q

Azoles?

A

Attaque ergostérol (inhibition de la synthèse) donc inhib synthèse mb cell.

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19
Q

Polyènes?

A

Attaque ergostérol ce qui modifie perméabilité mb cell

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20
Q

Échinocandides?

A

Attaque glucans et inhibe synth paroi cell

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21
Q

Cassification morphologique candida?

A

Levure

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22
Q

Genres de candida?

A

C. albicans

C. glabrata

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23
Q

Type de patho candida

A

Opportuniste

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24
Q

Infections candida

A

Candidose orale
Vulvovaginite
Candidémie

25
Q

Transmission interhumaine candida?

A

Rare

26
Q

Facteurs de risque candida?

A 
Antibactériens
Corticostéroïdes
Neutropénie
NTP
Chirurgie abdominale
USI
27
Q

Classification morphologique cryptococcus?

A

Levure

28
Q

Genres cryptococcus?

A

C. neoformans

C. gattii

29
Q

Type de patho cryptococcus?

A

Opportuniste

30
Q

Infections cryptococcus?

A

Méningites

Pneumonies

31
Q

Transmission interhumaine cryptococcus?

A

Non

32
Q

Facteurs de risque cryptococcus?

A

Corticostéroïdes
VIH/SIDA
TOS

33
Q

Classification morpho aspergillus?

A

Filamenteux

34
Q

Genres aspergillus?

A

A. fumigatus

A. niger

35
Q

Type de patho aspergillus ?

A

Opportuniste

36
Q

Infections aspergillus?

A

Aspegillose invasive pulmonaire

ABPA (aspergillose bronchiopulmonaire invasive)

37
Q

Transmission interhumaine aspergillus?

A

Non

38
Q

Facteurs de risque aspergillus?

A

Corticostéroïdes

Neutropénie

39
Q

Classification morpho mucorales?

A

Filamenteux

40
Q

Espèces mucorales?

A

Mucor

Rhizopus

41
Q

Type de patho mucorale

A

Opportuniste

42
Q

Infections mucorales?

A

Mucormycose rhino-cérébrale

43
Q

Transmission interhumaine mucorales?

A

Non

44
Q

Facteurs de risque mucorales?

A

Diabète (acidose)

Neutropénie

45
Q

Classification morpho endémiques?

A

Dimorphiques

46
Q

Espèces et genres endémiques ?

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

Blastomyces dermatitidis

47
Q

Type de patho endémiques?

A

Primaire

48
Q

Infections endémiques?

A

Pneumonies

49
Q

Transmission interhumaine endémiques?

A

Non

50
Q

Facteurs de risque endémiques ?

A

Corticostéroïdes
VIH/SIDA
TOS

51
Q

Classification moropho pneumocystis?

A

Autre

52
Q

Especes ou genres pneumocystis?

A

P. jirovecii

53
Q

Type de patho pneumocystis?

A

Opportuniste

54
Q

Infections pneumocystis?

A

Pneumonie

55
Q

Transmission interhumaine pneumocystis?

A

Possible

56
Q

Facteurs de risque pneumocystis?

A

Corticostéroïdes
VIH/SIDA
TOS

57
Q

Classification morpho dermatophytes?

A

Filamenteux

58
Q

Espèces ou genres dermatophytes?

A

Trichopyton
Microsporum
Epidermophyton

59
Q

Type de patho dermatophytes?

A

Primaire

60
Q

Infections dermatophytes?

A

Teignes (tinea)

61
Q

Transmission interhumaine dermatophytes?

A

Fréquent

Microbio (32 decks)

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