MSK in children

Question 1

What are the red flags of back pain in children

Answer 1

Pain in a child < 4 yrs.,
persistent symptoms,
systemic symptoms (fever, weight loss, malaise),
night-time pain,
neurological symptoms,
history of trauma, cancer or other illness

Question 2

what’s scoliosis?

Answer 2

A lateral curvature of the spine in the frontal plane

Question 3

what are the two type of scoliosis? what’s considered true scoliosis?

Answer 3

nonstructural: due to posture or leg length dsicrepency; reversible, usually not painful
structural (true): can cause pain and impact mobility

Question 4

what are the 3 types of scoliosis?

Answer 4

idiopathic
congenital
neuromuscular

Question 5

what’s kyphosis?

Answer 5

increase curvature of the spine

Question 6

what’s lumber lordosis? when does it develop?

Answer 6

An exaggeration of the normal inward curve of the lower back
usually during adolescence

Question 7

____ the most common orthopedic disorder in newborns

Answer 7

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH)

Question 8

What’s DDH?

Answer 8

Ball & socket hip joint does not properly form and results in dysplasia and possible dislocation

Question 9

the 4 types of DDH

Answer 9

Dysplastic
Subluxated
Dislocatable
Dislocated

Question 10

Majority of DDH cases occur in the __ (which side) hip

Answer 10

left

Question 11

genu varum

Answer 11

bowing of the legs

Question 12

genu valgum

Answer 12

lock knees

Question 13

genu varum typically resolve by age __

Answer 13

age 3

Question 14

genu valgum typically resolve by age ___

Answer 14

age 6
normal if < 15 degrees

Question 15

DDH usually resolve by _____ age

Answer 15

6-8 weeks

Question 16

What’s Osgood-Schlatter Disease?

Answer 16

A common cause of knee pain in growing adolescents, often after a rapid growth spurt in the previous year

Question 17

Osgood-Schlatter Disease is caused by inflammation of ____ (anatomical structure)

Answer 17

Inflammation of the patellar tendon at the tibial tubercle (bony prominence where patellar tendon attaches to the tibia);

Question 18

Osgood-Schlatter Disease can last up to ____ (how long) because _____

Answer 18

can last up to 2 years
Growth plate of the proximal tibia and tibial tubercle fuse at age 14-18 yrs

Question 19

what’s little league elbow?

Answer 19

inflammation of the medial epicondyle

Question 20

what’s little league shoulder?

Answer 20

Proximal Humeral Epiphysiolysis