MODULE BASED FLASHCARDS

1
Q

opportunistic pathogens

One of the most common central-line
associated bloodstream infections (BSI)

mouth, esophagus, bronchial, tree, vagina

T cell response deficiency. severe

A

candidiasis by Candida albicans

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2
Q

treatment for candidiasis

Mucosal and cutaneous infections?

A

Topical: Azole antifungals creams,
ointments, suppositories, systemic
Fluconazole or Itraconazole

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3
Q

treatment for candidiasis

Cystitis?

A

Amphotericin B or oral

Fluconazole

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4
Q

treatment for candidiasis

Serious, chronic, canademias or
systemic infections?

A

oral fluconazole is
often effective, but IV Fluconazole or
Amphotericin B (Std or lipid) or a combination of the two may be required

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5
Q

Source… pigeons, starlings,
blackbirds, turkeys, in droppings

Meningitis

agglutination

India ink (a negative stain) of CSF

Busse-Buskhe’s Disease

A

Crytpococcosis by Cryptococcus neoformans

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6
Q

treatment for Crytpococcosis

pulmonary infection

A

self limited

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7
Q

treatment for Crytpococcosis

Meningitis

A

Amphotericin B

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8
Q

mucocutaneous infections are/not pathogenic and do/not cause disease in the host with defense mechanisms?

A

are not

do not

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9
Q

Diabetics are also predisposed to _____ and often develop infections in the intertriginous areas

A

yeast infections

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10
Q

abnormal nail

A

Onchomycosis

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11
Q

Common opportunistic infection in AIDs and certain lymphoma patients.

Contaminated soil, especially with
bird droppings are inhaled potentially leading to. Common
etiologic agent: Cryptococcus neoformans

A

Meningitis

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12
Q

infections with yeast like fungi?

Catheter related species

Disseminated Disease

A

C. albicans,
C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis

C. albicans, Crytpococcus
neoformans

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13
Q

Fungal infection of skin, hair and nails

“Ringworm” or “tinea” infections

these are general characteristics of what type of mycoses?

A

cutaneous mycoses (dermatomycoses)

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14
Q

Scalp, skin, groin, foot, nail

what is this source of agent?

A

Anthropophilic

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15
Q

Tinea capitis (scalp); Tinea cruris (groin); Tinea pedis (foot), Tinea unguium (nail)

what is this source of agent?

A

Zoophilic

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16
Q

primarily just tinea
corporis (skin ringworm)

what is this source of agent?

A

Geophilic

17
Q

how do we determine the clinical importance of identifying species?

A

Determine source of infection

Prognostic value

Geographic distribution

Racial and socioeconomic distribution and other factors affecting
occurrence

18
Q

Racial and socioeconomic distribution and other factors affecting
occurrence

Age
pediatrics fungi infection

adults fungi infection

A

T. capitus

T. pedis

19
Q

Racial and socioeconomic distribution and other factors affecting
occurrence

Sex
male fungal infection

female hands and feet infection

A

T. capitis, pedis, cruris

T. unquium

20
Q

Racial and socioeconomic distribution and other factors affecting
occurrence

Race and ethnicity
more often in black

European white. Natural resistance patterns observed

A

T. capitis

T. pedis

21
Q

Racial and socioeconomic distribution and other factors affecting
occurrence

Social and cultural habits for fungal transmission

A

Clothing and footwear, close and crowded conditions

22
Q

Racial and socioeconomic distribution and other factors affecting
occurrence

Individual natural resistance examples

A

Presence of fungistatic agents in blood, CMI response.

23
Q

T soudanense and T tonsurans is endothrix or ectothrix?

A

endothrix

24
Q

M audouinii and M Canis is endothrix or ectothrix

A

ectothrix

25
Q

selective media use?

A

medium + antibiotics

26
Q

Mycosel agar components

A

cycloheximide + chloramphenicol

27
Q

Dermatophyte test medium

which mycoses is associated with what?

A

yellow → red

Dermatophytes, red
saprophytic, yellow

28
Q

Inhibitory mold agar

A

chloramphenicol +gentamicin

29
Q

temperature of incubation?

temp and weeks, then when read

A

incubate at 25-30˚C
incubate for 3-4 weeks
usually read in 4- 14 days