MODULE BASED FLASHCARDS
opportunistic pathogens
One of the most common central-line
associated bloodstream infections (BSI)
mouth, esophagus, bronchial, tree, vagina
T cell response deficiency. severe
candidiasis by Candida albicans
treatment for candidiasis
Mucosal and cutaneous infections?
Topical: Azole antifungals creams,
ointments, suppositories, systemic
Fluconazole or Itraconazole
treatment for candidiasis
Cystitis?
Amphotericin B or oral
Fluconazole
treatment for candidiasis
Serious, chronic, canademias or
systemic infections?
oral fluconazole is
often effective, but IV Fluconazole or
Amphotericin B (Std or lipid) or a combination of the two may be required
Source… pigeons, starlings,
blackbirds, turkeys, in droppings
Meningitis
agglutination
India ink (a negative stain) of CSF
Busse-Buskhe’s Disease
Crytpococcosis by Cryptococcus neoformans
treatment for Crytpococcosis
pulmonary infection
self limited
treatment for Crytpococcosis
Meningitis
Amphotericin B
mucocutaneous infections are/not pathogenic and do/not cause disease in the host with defense mechanisms?
are not
do not
Diabetics are also predisposed to _____ and often develop infections in the intertriginous areas
yeast infections
abnormal nail
Onchomycosis
Common opportunistic infection in AIDs and certain lymphoma patients.
Contaminated soil, especially with
bird droppings are inhaled potentially leading to. Common
etiologic agent: Cryptococcus neoformans
Meningitis
infections with yeast like fungi?
Catheter related species
Disseminated Disease
C. albicans,
C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis
C. albicans, Crytpococcus
neoformans
Fungal infection of skin, hair and nails
“Ringworm” or “tinea” infections
these are general characteristics of what type of mycoses?
cutaneous mycoses (dermatomycoses)
Scalp, skin, groin, foot, nail
what is this source of agent?
Anthropophilic
Tinea capitis (scalp); Tinea cruris (groin); Tinea pedis (foot), Tinea unguium (nail)
what is this source of agent?
Zoophilic
primarily just tinea
corporis (skin ringworm)
what is this source of agent?
Geophilic
how do we determine the clinical importance of identifying species?
Determine source of infection
Prognostic value
Geographic distribution
Racial and socioeconomic distribution and other factors affecting
occurrence
Racial and socioeconomic distribution and other factors affecting
occurrence
Age
pediatrics fungi infection
adults fungi infection
T. capitus
T. pedis
Racial and socioeconomic distribution and other factors affecting
occurrence
Sex
male fungal infection
female hands and feet infection
T. capitis, pedis, cruris
T. unquium
Racial and socioeconomic distribution and other factors affecting
occurrence
Race and ethnicity
more often in black
European white. Natural resistance patterns observed
T. capitis
T. pedis
Racial and socioeconomic distribution and other factors affecting
occurrence
Social and cultural habits for fungal transmission
Clothing and footwear, close and crowded conditions
Racial and socioeconomic distribution and other factors affecting
occurrence
Individual natural resistance examples
Presence of fungistatic agents in blood, CMI response.
T soudanense and T tonsurans is endothrix or ectothrix?
endothrix
M audouinii and M Canis is endothrix or ectothrix
ectothrix
selective media use?
medium + antibiotics
Mycosel agar components
cycloheximide + chloramphenicol
Dermatophyte test medium
which mycoses is associated with what?
yellow → red
Dermatophytes, red
saprophytic, yellow
Inhibitory mold agar
chloramphenicol +gentamicin
temperature of incubation?
temp and weeks, then when read
incubate at 25-30˚C
incubate for 3-4 weeks
usually read in 4- 14 days
