FUNGI INTRO Flashcards
fungi are prokaryotes or eukaryotes? cell wall is made of?
eukaryotes
chitin
typical shape seen in fungi compared to bacteria?
large ovoid
what are fungi limited by? found where in the body?
high oxygen requirement
skin and hair
mucous membranes
respiratory tract
what are the two forms of growth for dimorphic fungi at what temps?
yeast (37 degrees) and mold (25 degrees)
this dimorphic form is the single cell form via this type of reproduction?
single cell form
budding reproduction like Candida
this dimorphic form is the filamentous form with apical growth representing chains of cells
mold-like
aerial structure that distributes spores as fungus grows underground
mushroom and toadstool
what is found in the cell membrane of fungi that allows for stability as compared to bacteria?
ergosterol and also a chitinous cell wall
what is the fungal cell morphology and cell division in yeast and mold?
budding for yeast
apical growth for mold
what are the stages of budding for yeast?
what are the stages of budding for mold?
budding
fission
apical extension
aseptate (non-segmented)
septate (segmented cell division)
septate with clamp connection, intercellular junction
this type of mold stage has filamentous chains of cells and has substages that are nonsegmented or apical growth with cell divisions
hyphae
- coenocytic hypae
- septate hyphae
this type of mold stage has a mass of hyphal growth and gives the appearance of fuzzy looking colony
mycelium
this type of mold is designed to raise above surface of growth with specialization of asexual resistant cells
aerial hyphae
T/F, fungal spores are more resistant than bacterial endospores?
f, not as resistant
a few fungi like the yeast cells produce a protective structure, name an example?
capsule
cryptococcus neoformans
name this structure
stem like structure
conidiophore
name this structure
vase or flask shaped structure that hold small spores? but more specifically, these are spores that form at ends of finger like phialids?
phialconidia
canidia
name this structure
thick walled, round or irregular resting spores, which are capable of reproducing fungus
chlamydospores
name this structure
large spore like structure that grows off main stalk, chandeliers of growth
`macroconidium
name this structure
smaller spore like structures that grow directly on the main stalk
microconidium
name this structure
large sac like structures containing spores, held up by sporangiophore? endospores contained within sac
sporangium
sporangiaspores
name this structure
large sac filled with endospores each of which is capable of reproduction produced by coccidioides immitis in vivo
endospherules
name this structure
small sexual spores contained within an ascus ? is this sexual or asexual form of reproduction
ascospores
sexual form
what are the classifications of fungi?
zygomycetes (asexual and sexual)
ascomycetes and basidiomycetes from the phylum dikaryomycota (sexual)
deuteromycetes (asexual)
name this classification of fungi?
sexual reproduction occurs though fusion of two compatible gametangia to produce a zygote
asexual reproduction is characterized by production of sporagiospores
zygomycetes
name this classification of fungi?
sexual reproductive fungi that contains both ascomycetes (ringworm, histoplasmosis, blastomycosis) and basidiomycetes
phylum dikaryomycota
name this classification of fungi?
a sexual stage not observed
i.e. candida, trichosporon, torulopsis, epidermophytan
deuteromycetes
what are the main effects caused by fungi pathogen?
myxotoxicosis
TIH
this term used to describe the production of toxic or pharmacologically active metabolites that are ingested
myxotoxicosis
what are the general pathogenic characteristics?
ergot alkaloids
psychotropic acids
aflatoxins
stachybatrytoxicosis
what are the colonizations of the fungus?
superficial mycosis cutaneous mycosis subcutaneous mycosis systemic mycosis opportunistic mycosis
name this specific colonization?
superficial layers of the skin
layers of skin and hair
name this specific colonization?
invasion of dermis, hair and nails limited to this because of oxygen rquirement
cutaneous mycosis
name this specific colonization?
invasion the muscles and fascia and inoculated into skin where it can spread downward
subcutaneous mycosis
name this specific colonization?
usually primary infection of lungs but spread by fungemia
systemic mycosis
name this specific colonization?
this infection occurs when the individual has compromised CMI that would not cause infection in a healthy individual
opportunistic mycosis
dermatophyte lesion, subc mycotic lesion, candida lesion or opportunistic fungal lesion is what type of fungal infection?
primary infection by mycotic agent
these bacteria can supplement fungal growth?
stap aureus
pseudomonas aeruginosa (fluoresces green with woods lamp)
klebsiella, e coli, serratia
corynebacterium minitissimum (fluoresces coral red with woods lamp)
if bacteria supplement fungus what happens in microscopic obersvations?
must do a gram stain
growth rate for non pathogenic saprophytic fungi? pathogens?
fast(2-3 days) or moderate(3-5 days)
slow(5-10 days) or (very slow >10 days)
biochemical testing of yeasts?
carb assimilation
urease test (candida negative)
