BACTERIAL GENETICS

Question 1

binding of RNA polymerase

Answer 1

promotor region

Question 2

binding of repressor protein

Answer 2

operator region

Question 3

encoded for the synthesis of mRNA

Answer 3

structural gene region

Question 4

production of regulator protein (repressor protein)

Answer 4

regulator gene region

Question 5

this is the strand transcribed while another is from the parent sequence

so strand is read 3-5’ and synthesized 5-3’

Answer 5

template strand

Question 6

RNA polymerase aka?

Answer 6

core enzyme

Question 7

this factor is needed to bind to the gene promotor?

Answer 7

sigma factor

Question 8

this factor is combined at the the stop codon and works by dissociating?

Answer 8

Rho factor

Question 9

the sequence TATAAT of six nucleotides (thymine, adenine, thymine, etc.) that is an essential part of a promoter site on DNA for transcription to occur in bacteria

Answer 9

pribnow box

Question 10

a site located +2 would be located within the promoter region?

Answer 10

false

Question 11

in the processing of RNA, no processing required to remove introns (central dogma simplified)?

Answer 11

mRNA

Question 12

in the processing of RNA, tis binds and activates aa corresponding to anticodon for insertion?

Answer 12

tRNA

Question 13

in the processing of rRNA, this is used to construct ribosomal subunits when complexed with ribosomal proteins?

Answer 13

rRNA

Question 14

transcription and translation can occur simultaneously in what type of cells?

Answer 14

prokaryotes

Question 15

gene in which there is a constant need for enzyme or protein in a cell?

Answer 15

constitutive genes

Question 16

genes in which enzyme or protein are only needed under certain conditions, presence of substrate induces?

Answer 16

inducible genes

Question 17

genes in which the enzyme or protein is only needed under certain conditions?

Answer 17

repressible genes

Question 18

in the presence of lactose, is there repression or no?

Answer 18

no, lactose binds with the repressor protein

Question 19

in the absence of lactose, is there repression or no?

Answer 19

yes, the repressor protein binds to the operon

Question 20

what is the effect of tryptophan present on the operon?

Answer 20

binding of tryptophan with aporepressor protein to the operator site and so their is repression of the operon

Question 21

what is the effect of the absence of tryptophan?

Answer 21

there is no repression and so operon is active

Question 22

this is a concept in which a pathway or structure is inhibited in a pathogen without disrupting normal human cell metabolism or structure?

Answer 22

selective toxicity

Question 23

kills the organism

Answer 23

bactericidal outcome

Question 24

inhibit growth of organism

Answer 24

bacteriostatic outcome

Question 25

the bacterial process or structure interfered

Answer 25

mechanisms of action

Question 26

the pathogenic groups interfered

Answer 26

spectrum of activity

Question 27

name this drug?

competitive inhibitor of folate biosynthesis

organism that synthesize own folates are affected

bacteriostatic

slow action and inhibition reversed by presence of folates

Answer 27

sulfonamides-sulfa drugs

Question 28

name this drug?

inhibition of bacterial form of dihydrofolate reductase

works synergistically with sulfonamides

Answer 28

trimethoprim

Question 29

weakly active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis

same mechanism of action as sulfonamides

used in combination with streptomycin for Myco. tuberculosis

Answer 29

Para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS)

Question 30

analog of pyridoxine and nicotinamid

inhibition of synthesis of mycolic acid-acid fastness

slowly active against Myco. tuberculosis

Answer 30

isonicotinic acid hyrazide (INH)

Question 31

these drugs affect the 50s ribosomal subunit?

Answer 31

chloramphenicol
erythromycin
clindamycin/lincomycin
streptogramins

Question 32

these drugs affect the 30s ribosomal subunit?

Answer 32

streptomycin
aminoglycosides
tetracyclines