module 9 slides Flashcards
interspecific
two or more species
what is ecology
the study of interactions between organisms and their environments
what environments are included in ecology
abiotic and biotic
biotic environments
other organisms
abiotic environmets
no life: rocks, weather, temperature, etc
what is the relationship between ecology and evolution
to help us understand how earth works!
-ecology observe interactions between organisism and their environments and evolution explais how those interactions develop over time and continy to change.
predation
predator prey relationship
competition
can be intraspecific but interspecific drives coevolution because of competition for resources
symbiosis
live together in direct contact; benefit ,neutral, harmful
what interspecific interactions can cause coevolution
predation, competition, and symbiosis
coevoltion
join evolution between 2+ species driven by their interactions
deceptive markings
organisms appearance will imitate larger/scarier (more harmful organisms).
batesian mimicry
harmless species resembles an unpalatable or harmful species
example of batesian mimicry
scarlet king snake imitates the eastern coral snake (venemous). it imitates its appearance
competitive exlcusion
populations of two similar species compete for some limiting resource. Whoever uses it better lives
ecological niche
the specific set of biotic and abiotic resources that an organism uses in its environment
fundamental niche
what the organisms can use
realized niche
what the organism actually uses in nature
what is a factor that can impact realized niche
predation
given enough time what can competition lead to
resource partitioning and species coexistence
resource partioninig
the division of environmental resources by coexisting species
where do you see resource partitioning
with similar species in same location
example of resource partitioning
different heights of the saguaro cactus, animals use it for different resources.
Owls make nest on top, mouse lives in it,
character displacement
occupy their own distinct niche, so they eat different things mostly
macroevolution is
evolutionary change above the species level
examples/charcteristics of macroevolution
emergence of terrestrial vertebrates through a series of speciation events
-the impact of mass extinction on biodiversity
-origin of key adaptations such as flight
factors that chnaged life over time
large scale processes: continental drift, mass extinction, adaptive radiation
what does adaptive radiation do
generates new lineages rapidly and simultaneously
-then the new lineages may also diversify and undergo further radiations eventually becoming major branches f phylogeny life
what two phenomenon cause adaptive radiation
ecological opportunity and key innovation
ecological opporotunity
-invasion of unutilized ecological resources leads to rapid diversification like surviving mass extinction
what is key innovation
acquisition of a novel adaptive trait that allows organisms ti exploit previously unavailable ecological resources
what is perhaps one of the greatest key innovations of all time
the amniotic egg
what did the amniotic egg help with
surviving on land. the amniotic egg is ‘air breathing’ meaning it exchanges gases with the environment
what are the possible fates of adaptive radiation
eventual decline or extinction
-start of something big and enduring
