5d slides Flashcards
what precedes determination
differentiation
differentiation
process by which cells become specialized in structure and function
determination
ireversibily commits a cell to becoming a particular cell type
what are myoblast cells determines to form and produce
form muscle cells and produce large amounts of muscle specific proteins
what is MyoD
master regulatory gene
what does MyoD encode for
transcription factor activator that commits the cell to become skeletal muscle
what does cell differentiation often result from
sequential activation of tissue specific genes
morphogenesis
the development of the form of an organism and its structures
what does a program of differenetnail gene expression lead to
different cell types in a multicellular organism
what do phsyicsal processes that give an orgaism its shape constitute
morphogenesis
where do cytoplasmic determinatnts come from
the mother
cytoplasmic determinants
maternal substances, such as protein or mRNA, that when placed into an egg infleunces the course of early development by regukating expression of genes that affect developmental fate of cells
induction
cells from one area of the embryo infleunce another area via signals that affect gene expression
label each part
arrow s signal stransduction pathway
-keyhole is signal receptor
-little bals are the signaling molcule (inducer)
what are cells in the lowest tier of cells releasing
signaling molecules to nearby cells that change their gene expressopm