Functional Groups

Question 1

what are the seven functional groups that are most important in the chemistry of life

Answer 1

-hydroxyl group
-carbonyl group
-carboxyl group
-amino group
-sulfhydryl group
-phosphate group
-methyl group

Question 1

is hydroxyl group polar or non polar

Answer 1

polar due to electronegative charge

Question 2

what bonds does hydroxyl group form and what does it help do

Answer 2

form H bonds with water, helping dissolve compounds such as sugars

Question 3

example of hydroxyl group

Answer 3

ethanol

Question 4

compounds name of hydroxyl group

Answer 4

alcohol

Question 5

compound name of carbonyl group

Answer 5

ketone if carbonyl group is within a carbon skeleton and aldehyde if carbonyl is at the end of the carbon skeleton

Question 6

in carbonyl group C is ______ bonded to O

Answer 6

double (covalent bonded) sharing pairs of electrons

Question 7

______ group acts as an acid

Answer 7

carboxyl (can donate H+)

Question 8

compound name of carboxyl group

Answer 8

carboxylic acid

Question 9

amino group acts as a

Answer 9

base (H+ acceptor)

Question 10

Compound name of amino group

Answer 10

amine

Question 11

in ______ group two SH groups can react forming a ______ ______ that help stabilize protein structure

Answer 11

sulfhydryl
cross-link

Question 12

compound name of sulfhydryl

Answer 12

thoil

Question 13

what type of charge does phosphate group contribute

Answer 13

negative charge

Question 14

what can an attachment of a phosphate group to a protein do to it

Answer 14

Change its activity

Question 15

compound name for phosphate group

Answer 15

organic phosphate

Question 16

methyl group contributes to what type of interactions

Answer 16

hydrophobic (non-polar)

Question 17

what affects the expression of genes

Answer 17

methylation of nucleotides

Question 18

compound name of methyl group

Answer 18

methylated compound

Question 19

what group is this

Answer 19

hydroxyl

Question 20

what group is this

Answer 20

carbonyl

Question 21

what group is this

Answer 21

carboxyl

Question 22

what group is this

Answer 22

amino group

Question 23

what group is this

Answer 23

sulfhydryl

Question 24

what group is this

Answer 24

phosphate

Question 25

what group is this

Answer 25

methyl

Question 26

non polar side chains are hydro(phobic/phillic)

Answer 26

hydrophobic

Question 27

are polar side chains hyrdophillic?

Answer 27

yes because water is also polar, like dissolves like.