module 6 peds skin assessment

Question 1

differences between neonatal and adult skin

Answer 1

• thinner, less hairy, weaker intercellular attachments
• fewer eccrine and sebaceous gland secretions
• inc. susceptibility to irritants
• inc. susceptibility to infection
• depressed contact allergen reactivity
• percutaneous permeability inc. in premature infants or with damaged skin.

Question 2

PMH skin

Answer 2

previous skin problems
- sensitivities, allergic reactions
tolerance to sunlight
diminished or heightened sensitivity to sensory stimuli
cardiac, resp, liver, endo, systemic disease

Question 3

PMH hair; previous hair problems

Answer 3

hair loss
thinning
growth
unusual growth
brittleness
breakage
tx

Question 4

PMH hair; systemic problems

Answer 4

thyroid
liver
severe illnesses
malnutrition
associated skin disorder
mental health

Question 5

family history

Answer 5

dermatologic diseases
- atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis
Allergic hereditary disease
- asthma, hay fever
Familial hair loss/coloration patterns

Question 6

lanugo

Answer 6

fine silky hair that covers the newborns body

• particularly shoulders and back
• shed within 10-14 days

Question 7

permanent hair comes in

Answer 7

hair shed by about 2-3 months, replaced by more permanent hair
- new texture and color possible

Question 8

eccrine glands

Answer 8

function after 1 month

Question 9

apocrine glands

Answer 9

do not function

• less oily texture
• inoffensive perspiration

Question 10

newborn color

Answer 10

newborn skin is purplish red, cyanotic 
acrocyanosis: blue hands and feet
boiled lobster look 
pallor
jaundice

Question 11

boiled lobster look

Answer 11

from high hematocrit level and thin subcutaneous fat layers

Question 12

pallor in newborn

Answer 12

blood loss
erythroblastosis
cutaneous vasoconstriction

Question 13

milia

Answer 13

normal skin lesion in newborn

- clogged sebaceous glands

Question 14

sebaceous hyperplasia

Answer 14

maternal androgen exposure

flatter white spots

Question 15

mottling

Answer 15

normal for newborn

Question 16

Salmon patches/ stork bites

Answer 16

red patches

back of neck, forehead

Question 17

transient neonatal pustular melanosis

Answer 17

hyperpigmented spots
remain for months
have some pustules

Question 18

mongolian spots

Answer 18

dark skinned individuals
bluish spots
disappear between 5-8 years

Question 19

erythma toxicum

Answer 19

normal newborn rash

resolves in a few days

Question 20

strawberry hemangioma

Answer 20

superficial

occur a couple months after birth than slowly disappear

Question 21

cavernous hemangioma

Answer 21

underskin
overlying skin normal or bluish
occur a couple months after birth and slowly disappear

Question 22

petechiae

Answer 22

possible infection?

long labor?

Question 23

cafe au lait patches

Answer 23

concern for neurofibrosis if

• > 6 patches
• > 15mm
• axillary freckling

Question 24

hair whorl placement

Answer 24

if in unusual place

• not back of head
• concern for underlying brain growth

Question 25

sebaceous nevus

Answer 25

in scalp yellow, orange patch - worsens in puberty refer to derm

Question 26

seborrheic dermatitis

Answer 26

craddle cap resolves around 12 months - massage with oil

Question 27

alopecial areata

Answer 27

area with complete hair loss - sudden/overnight loss of hair - some regrowth can occur

Question 28

trichotillomania

Answer 28

pulling of hair | - underlying psych condition

Question 29

atopic dermatitis

Answer 29

most common cause of eczema in children - intense drying and itching - worse in winter - worse with heaters - damage -> secondary infection - tx with soaking then seal skin

Question 30

Simian crease

Answer 30

only one crease in palm - nml with down syndrome - pathological otherwise

Question 31

impentigo

Answer 31

``` bacterias - streptococci - staphylococci - mixed small vesicle with honey crusting ```

Question 32

folliculitis

Answer 32

bacterias - coag+staph aureus, strep, pseudomonas Shaving, pruritic, hot-tubs

Question 33

cellulitis

Answer 33

``` bacterias - GABHS - staph aureus - MRSA Inflammation of skin ```

Question 34

varicella

Answer 34

various generations of lesions

Question 35

erythema infectiosum

Answer 35

slap cheek can last 3 weeks concerning during pregnancy Not contagious once rash appearance

Question 36

skin infections

Answer 36

``` can be: bacterial viral fungal parasitic ```