module 6 peds skin assessment Flashcards
differences between neonatal and adult skin
- thinner, less hairy, weaker intercellular attachments
- fewer eccrine and sebaceous gland secretions
- inc. susceptibility to irritants
- inc. susceptibility to infection
- depressed contact allergen reactivity
- percutaneous permeability inc. in premature infants or with damaged skin.
PMH skin
previous skin problems
- sensitivities, allergic reactions
tolerance to sunlight
diminished or heightened sensitivity to sensory stimuli
cardiac, resp, liver, endo, systemic disease
PMH hair; previous hair problems
hair loss thinning growth unusual growth brittleness breakage tx
PMH hair; systemic problems
thyroid liver severe illnesses malnutrition associated skin disorder mental health
family history
dermatologic diseases - atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis Allergic hereditary disease - asthma, hay fever Familial hair loss/coloration patterns
lanugo
fine silky hair that covers the newborns body
- particularly shoulders and back
- shed within 10-14 days
permanent hair comes in
hair shed by about 2-3 months, replaced by more permanent hair
- new texture and color possible
eccrine glands
function after 1 month
apocrine glands
do not function
- less oily texture
- inoffensive perspiration
newborn color
newborn skin is purplish red, cyanotic acrocyanosis: blue hands and feet boiled lobster look pallor jaundice
boiled lobster look
from high hematocrit level and thin subcutaneous fat layers
pallor in newborn
blood loss
erythroblastosis
cutaneous vasoconstriction
milia
normal skin lesion in newborn
- clogged sebaceous glands
sebaceous hyperplasia
maternal androgen exposure
flatter white spots
mottling
normal for newborn
Salmon patches/ stork bites
red patches
back of neck, forehead
transient neonatal pustular melanosis
hyperpigmented spots
remain for months
have some pustules
mongolian spots
dark skinned individuals
bluish spots
disappear between 5-8 years
erythma toxicum
normal newborn rash
resolves in a few days
strawberry hemangioma
superficial
occur a couple months after birth than slowly disappear
cavernous hemangioma
underskin
overlying skin normal or bluish
occur a couple months after birth and slowly disappear
petechiae
possible infection?
long labor?
cafe au lait patches
concern for neurofibrosis if
- > 6 patches
- > 15mm
- axillary freckling
hair whorl placement
if in unusual place
- not back of head
- concern for underlying brain growth
sebaceous nevus
in scalp
yellow, orange patch
- worsens in puberty
refer to derm
seborrheic dermatitis
craddle cap
resolves around 12 months
- massage with oil
alopecial areata
area with complete hair loss
- sudden/overnight loss of hair
- some regrowth can occur
trichotillomania
pulling of hair
- underlying psych condition
atopic dermatitis
most common cause of eczema in children
- intense drying and itching
- worse in winter
- worse with heaters
- damage -> secondary infection
- tx with soaking then seal skin
Simian crease
only one crease in palm
- nml with down syndrome
- pathological otherwise
impentigo
bacterias - streptococci - staphylococci - mixed small vesicle with honey crusting
folliculitis
bacterias
- coag+staph aureus, strep, pseudomonas
Shaving, pruritic, hot-tubs
cellulitis
bacterias - GABHS - staph aureus - MRSA Inflammation of skin
varicella
various generations of lesions
erythema infectiosum
slap cheek
can last 3 weeks
concerning during pregnancy
Not contagious once rash appearance
skin infections
can be: bacterial viral fungal parasitic
