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Advanced Health Assessment > module 3 peds growth and development > Flashcards

module 3 peds growth and development Flashcards

1
Q

pediatric PMH

A 
chronic illness
problems with organs
cancers
food allergies
any medication
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2
Q

pediatric birth hx

A

full term
SGA?
LGA?
any complications prenatally or after delivery? infection?

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3
Q

pediatric family hx

A

obesity
short or tall?
delayed puberty
genetic or metabolic disorders?

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4
Q

hormones affecting growth during childhood

A

insulin-like growth factor 1
- birth till 20
- pulsatile secretions, 70% during sleep
thyroid hormone
- birth till 20
- stimulates GH, bone formation and reabsorption
Growth Hormone
- low at birth, peak around 5 and slow decline
Gonadal hormone
- 10-20, puberty

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5
Q

organ systems and weight

A

closely related to growth in stature and organ development.

influenced by: nutrition -> inc. number and size of adipose cells.

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6
Q

organ systems and length

A

skeletal growth is complete with epiphyses of long bones fuse: 90% or more of skeletal mass is present by 18.

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7
Q

lymph system growth

A

well developed at birth
grows rapidly, adult size by age 6, peak at 10-12
during adolescence the tissues decrease and stabilize

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8
Q

reproductive organ growth

A

grow slowly in prepubertal child but double in size during adolescence, full function and maturation during this time.

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9
Q

organs with quickest physical development

A

brain
skull
eyes
ears

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10
Q

fetal period growth of what dominates

A

head

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11
Q

infant period growth of what dominates

A

trunk

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12
Q

fat content and fetus

A

fat content of body increases slowly during fetal development, then rapidly accelerates the first 9 months of life

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13
Q

fastest growing during childhood

A

legs

- wt gained at a steady rate

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14
Q

fat and child growth

A

fat tissue inc. slowly until 7 years of age, then a prepubertal “fat spurt” occurs prior to the true linear growth spurt of puberty

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15
Q

adolescence growth

A

trunk and legs elongate
skeletal mass and organ systems double in size
males: broader shoulders and greater musculature
females: wider pelvic outlets

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16
Q

Height for infants

A

linear growth or recumbent length

  • use from birth to 3 years
  • measure to nearest 0.5cm or 1/4in
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17
Q

head circumference

A

measure until 3 years old

put tape around occipital protuberance and the supraorbital prominence

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18
Q

BMI and children

A

most common method used to assess nutritional status
< 5th percentile underwt
>85% over weight
>95% obese

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19
Q

CDC growth chart

A

2 years and up

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20
Q

WHO growth chart

A

birth to 2 years

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21
Q

arm span in children

A

arm span = height in most children

22
Q

failure to gain wt or ht may be due to

A

inadequate calories
congenital problems
constitutional delays
familial or other endocrine problems

23
Q

age where height is most predictive

A

2, 3, 4

24
Q

puberty for females

A

age at which breast is stage 2 or pubic hair is stage 2
complete by breast stage 4 or pubic hair stage 5
Peak height velocity occurs the year before menarche

25
Q

puberty for males

A

external genital changes usually precede pubic hair development
Ejaculation occurs at Tanner 3, semen production by Tanner 4
Peak height velocity is at a mean age of 13.5 years of age

26
Q

precocious puberty female

A

development of breast tissue or pubic hair in girls

  • younger than 6 years for black females
  • younger than 7 years for white females
27
Q

precocious puberty male

A

development of genitals or pubic hair in boys younger than 9

28
Q

Tanner 1 breast

A

preadolescent

Only the nipple is raised above the level of the breast

29
Q

Tanner 2 breast

A

Budding stage
bud-shaped elevation of the areola
areola increased in diameter and surrounding area slightly elevated

30
Q

Tanner 3 breast

A

breast and areola enlarged

no contour separation

31
Q

Tanner 4 breast

A

inc. fat deposits

areola forms a secondary elevation above that of the breast, this occurs in half of all girls.

32
Q

Tanner 5 breast

A

Adult stage

areola is part of general breast contour and is strongly pigmented, nipple projects.

33
Q

Tanner 1 female pubic

A

preadolescent

no pubic hair

34
Q

Tanner 2 female pubic

A

Initial scarcely pigmented straight hair

along medial border of labia

35
Q

Tanner 3 female pubic

A

sparse dark visibly pigmented curly pubic hair on labia

36
Q

Tanner 4 female pubic

A

hair coarse and curly

abundant but less than adult

37
Q

Tanner 5 female pubic

A

lateral spreading

type and triangle spread of adult hair to medial surface of thighs

38
Q

Tanner 6 female pubic

A

further extension laterally, upward, or dispersed.

39
Q

Tanner 1 testes

A

testes, scrotum, and penis are the same size and shape as in the young child

40
Q

Tanner 2 testes

A

enlargement of scrotum and testes
skin of scrotum becomes redder, thinner, and wrinkled.
Penis no larger.

41
Q

Tanner 3 testes

A

Enlargement of the penis, especially in length

further enlargement of testes, descent of scrotum

42
Q

Tanner 4 testes

A

continued enlargement of penis and sculpturing of the glans.
inc. pigmentation of scrotum

43
Q

Tanner 5 testes

A

Scrotum ample

penis reaching nearly to bottom of scrotum

44
Q

Tanner 1 male pubic

A

preadolescent

no growth of hair

45
Q

Tanner 2 male pubic

A

slightly pigmenting longer straight hair often still downy.

usually at the base of penis, sometimes on scrotum

46
Q

Tanner 3 male pubic

A

dark pigmented curly pubic hair around base of penis

47
Q

Tanner 4 male pubic

A

Pubic hair definitely adult in type but not in extent

no further than inguinal fold

48
Q

Tanner 5 male pubic

A

adult distribution

hair spread to medial surface of thighs but not upward

49
Q

Tanner 6 male pubic

A

hair spread along linea alba

50
Q

turner syndrome

A

absence of one of X chromosomes

- short stature: 5-10 percentile

51
Q

klinefelter syndrome

A

1/1000 male birth
- defect found in puberty

frontal baldness absent 
fewer chest hairs
breast development
female type pubic hair 
small testicular size 
poor beard growth 
narrow shoulders 
hide hips 
long arms and legs
52
Q

Marfan syndrome

A

1/5000 births
tall slender
loose joints
heart/aortic issues

Advanced Health Assessment (57 decks)

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