Module 21 MS pregnancy and older adults

Question 1

pregnancy and joints

Answer 1

increased hormone levels contribute to elasticity of ligaments and softening of cartilage in the pelvis at 12-20 wks.
Increased mobility of sacroiliac, sacrococcygeal, and symphysis pubis joints

Question 2

pregnancy and lordosis

Answer 2

inward curvature of the lower spine

• occurs in an effort to shift the centre of gravity back over the lower extremities
• ligaments and muscles of lower spine may become stressed -> lower back pain

Question 3

older adult bone changes

Answer 3

equilibrium between bone deposition and resorption changes to resorption becomes dominant.
- by 80 years of age women can lose up to 30%
Bony prominences more apparent
Cartilage around joints deteriorates

Question 4

older adult muscle changes

Answer 4

• increased collagen collects in the tissues, followed by fat deposition with in the muscles and fibrosis of CT
• tendons become less elastic
• reduction of total muscle mass, tone, and strength
• progressive decrease in reaction time, speed of movement, agility, and endurance

Question 5

osteoporosis patho

Answer 5

decrease in bone mass that occurs when bone resorption is more rapid than bone deposition
- bones more fragile and susceptible to fx

Question 6

osteoporosis subjective

Answer 6

loss of height or an acute, painful fracture
most common fx sites
- hip, vertebrae, wrist

Question 7

osteoporosis objective

Answer 7

affected persons lose height and have decreased abdominothoracic space
vertebral compression fx lead to kyphosis or scoliosis

Question 8

dupuytren contracture patho

Answer 8

contractures involving the flexor hand tendons

Question 9

dupuytren contracture subjective

Answer 9

flexion contractures develop insidiously

incidence increases after age 40, more freq. in men

Question 10

dupuytren contracture objective

Answer 10

flexor tendons generally for the 4th and 5th digits contract, causing fingers to curl, with impaired extension
- tendons usually palpable