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Pharmacology > MOA: Treatment of Diabetes > Flashcards

MOA: Treatment of Diabetes Flashcards

1
Q

Aspart

A

Insulin
Injectable
Short-acting (pre-meal)

Promotes the uptake of glucose into cells and is supplemented if patient is unable to produce their own insulin

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2
Q

Glulisine

A

Insulin
Injectable
Short-acting (pre-meal)

Promotes the uptake of glucose into cells and is supplemented if patient is unable to produce their own insulin

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3
Q

Lispro

A

Insulin
Injectable
Short-acting (pre-meal)

Promotes the uptake of glucose into cells and is supplemented if patient is unable to produce their own insulin

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4
Q

Regular insulin (humulin/novolin)

A

Insulin
Injectable
Short-acting (pre-meal)

Promotes the uptake of glucose into cells and is supplemented if patient is unable to produce their own insulin

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5
Q

NPH

A

Insulin
Injectable
Long-acting (basal)

Promotes the uptake of glucose into cells and is supplemented if patient is unable to produce their own insulin

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6
Q

Detemir

A

Insulin
Injectable
Long-acting (basal)

Promotes the uptake of glucose into cells and is supplemented if patient is unable to produce their own insulin

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7
Q

Glargine

A

Insulin
Injectable
Long-acting (basal)

Promotes the uptake of glucose into cells and is supplemented if patient is unable to produce their own insulin

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8
Q

Pramlintide

A

Amylinomimetic
Injectable

Synthetic amylin analog/agonist that delays gastric emptying and decreases glucagon secretion, thus decreasing the dose of short-acting insulin needed

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9
Q

Dulaglutide

A

GLP-1 Agonists
Injectable

Bind to GLP-1 receptors and help restore the activity of the incretin system, which helps signal the release of insulin after eating

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10
Q

Exenatide

A

GLP-1 Agonist
Injectable

Bind to GLP-1 receptors and help restore the activity of the incretin system, which helps signal the release of insulin after eating

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11
Q

Liraglutide

A

GLP-1 Agonist
Injectable

Bind to GLP-1 receptors and help restore the activity of the incretin system, which helps signal the release of insulin after eating

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12
Q

Lixisenatide

A

GLP-1 Agonists
Injectable

Bind to GLP-1 receptors and help restore the activity of the incretin system, which helps signal the release of insulin after eating

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13
Q

Semaglutide

A

GLP-1 Agonists
Injectable

Bind to GLP-1 receptors and help restore the activity of the incretin system, which helps signal the release of insulin after eating

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14
Q

Metformin

A

Biguanides
Oral medication

Decreases glucose production in the liver and increases insulin sensitivity

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15
Q

Glicazide

A

Sulfonylureas
Oral medication

Bind to receptors in beta cells causing K channels to close and voltage-dependent Ca channels to open in response – helps increase insulin release

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16
Q

Glimepiride

A

Sulfonylureas
Oral medication

Bind to receptors in beta cells causing K channels to close and voltage-dependent Ca channels to open in response – helps increase insulin release

17
Q

Glipizide

A

Sulfonylureas
Oral medication

Bind to receptors in beta cells causing K channels to close and voltage-dependent Ca channels to open in response – helps increase insulin release

18
Q

Glyburide

A

Sulfonylureas
Oral medication

Bind to receptors in beta cells causing K channels to close and voltage-dependent Ca channels to open in response – helps increase insulin release

19
Q

Nateglinide

A

Meglitinide
Oral medication

Bind to the same receptor in beta cells as sulfonylureas, but at a different site, and cause a similar release of insulin

20
Q

Repaglinide

A

Meglitinide
Oral medication

Bind to the same receptor in beta cells as sulfonylureas, but at a different site, and cause a similar release of insulin

21
Q

Pioglitazone

A

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs)
Oral medication

Agonist at peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and enhances the local effects of insulin/decreases insulin resistance

22
Q

Rosiglitazone

A

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs)
Oral medication

Agonist at peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and enhances the local effects of insulin/decreases insulin resistance

23
Q

Rosiglitazone

A

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs)
Oral medication

Agonist at peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and enhances the local effects of insulin/decreases insulin resistance

24
Q

Acarbose

A

Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Oral medication

Target alpha-glucosidase enzymes, minimizing upper intestinal digestion/absorption of carbohydrates – helps reduce post-meal glucose absorption

25
Q

Miglitol

A

Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors
Oral medication

Target alpha-glucosidase enzymes, minimizing upper intestinal digestion/absorption of carbohydrates – helps reduce post-meal glucose absorption

26
Q

Alogliptin

A

DPP-4 Inhibitors
Oral medication

Inhibit DPP-4, the enzyme responsible for inactivation of incretin hormones – helps the body continue to make insulin by prolonging GLP-1 activity

27
Q

Linagliptin

A

DPP-4 Inhibitors
Oral medication

Inhibit DPP-4, the enzyme responsible for inactivation of incretin hormones – helps the body continue to make insulin by prolonging GLP-1 activity

28
Q

Saxagliptin

A

DPP-4 Inhibitors
Oral medication

Inhibit DPP-4, the enzyme responsible for inactivation of incretin hormones – helps the body continue to make insulin by prolonging GLP-1 activity

29
Q

Sitagliptin

A

DPP-4 Inhibitors
Oral medication

Inhibit DPP-4, the enzyme responsible for inactivation of incretin hormones – helps the body continue to make insulin by prolonging GLP-1 activity

30
Q

Canagliflozin

A

Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
Oral medication

Since sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 reabsorbs filtered glucose in the kidney back into the blood, these drugs inhibit that transporter – results in an increase in urinary glucose excretion

31
Q

Dapagliflozin

A

Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
Oral medication

Since sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 reabsorbs filtered glucose in the kidney back into the blood, these drugs inhibit that transporter – results in an increase in urinary glucose excretion

32
Q

Emagliflozin

A

Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
Oral medication

Since sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 reabsorbs filtered glucose in the kidney back into the blood, these drugs inhibit that transporter – results in an increase in urinary glucose excretion

33
Q

Ertugliflozin

A

Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
Oral medication

Since sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 reabsorbs filtered glucose in the kidney back into the blood, these drugs inhibit that transporter – results in an increase in urinary glucose excretion

Pharmacology (34 decks)

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