Antihypertensives (MOA) Flashcards
ACE inhibitors
“-pril”
MOA: inhibit conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB)
“-sartan”
MOA: Blocks angiotensin 2 from binding to angiotensin 2 receptor. Antagonist
Renin Inhibitor
Aliskiren
MOA: Inhibits renin which prevents the conversion of angiotensinogen to angiotensin 1.
Calcium Channel Blockers
(in heart) “-dipine”
(in periphery) Diltiazem
Verapamil
MOA: Blocks movement of calcium into the cell.
Direct Vasodilators
Hydralazine: release nitric oxide
Minoxidil: hyperpolarize smooth muscle by opening potassium channels
Thiazide Diuretics
Chlorthalidone
Hydrochlorothiazide
Metolazone
MOA: Inhibits Na/Cl co-transport in the distal convoluted tubule which increases the concentration of Na and Cl in the tubular fluid.
Loop Diuretics
Furosemide
Bumetanide
Torsemide
MOA: Inhibits co-transport of Na/K/2Cl in the ascending loop which decreases reabsorption.
Potassium Sparing Diuretics: Aldosterone Antagonists
Spironolactone
Eplerenone
MOA: Blocks aldosterone which prevents production of proteins that stimulate Na/K exchange sites of collecting tubules.
Potassium Sparing Diuretics: Sodium Channel Blockers
Triamterene
Amiloride
MOA: Block sodium transport channels which decreases sodium/potassium exchange.
Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
“-zolamide”
MOA: Inhibits carbonic anhydrase in proximal tubule. Decreases kidney ability to exchange sodium for hydrogen.
Osmotic Diuretics
Mannitol
MOA: Carries water through glomerulus which increase water excretion but not sodium.
Centrally Acting Alpha-2 Agonists
Clonidine
Methyldopa
MOA: Alpha 2 agonist in the medulla that decreases sympathetic system outflow
Beta-Adrenoceptor Blocking Agents
“-olol”
Carvedilol
Block Beta-adronergic receptors (antagonist)
Alpha Blockers for HTN
-“zosin”
MOA: Block alpha receptors
