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Pharmacology > Antidepressants > Flashcards

Antidepressants Flashcards

1
Q

A person taking an antidepressant might experience dizziness or lightheadedness when standing up (orthostatic hypotension), what type of antidepressant may that person be taking?

A

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor

Selegeline
Tranylcypromine
Phelezine

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1
Q

What are some adverse effects of monoamine oxidase inhibitors? (7)

A

Orthostatic hypotension
Serotonin Syndrome (acute excessive hypertension, cardiac arrhythmia)
Sleep disturbances
Weight gain
blurred vision
dry mouth
sexual dysfunction

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2
Q

A person takes an antidepressant medication that also blocks serotonergic, alpha-adrenergic, histaminic, and muscarinic receptors, what category of antidepressant may that person be taking?

A

Tricyclic antidepressant

Desipramine
Imipramine
Amitriptyline
Nortriptyline

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2
Q

Where are tricyclic antidepressants metabolized?

A

Liver

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3
Q

What category of antidepressant is the worst for drinking alcohol with?

A

tricyclic antidepressant

Desipramine
Imipramine
Amitriptyline
Nortriptyline

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4
Q

What are the adverse effects of tricyclic antidepressants? (7)

A

Dry mouth
confusion
weight gain
blurred vision
increased IOP
sedation
sexual dysfunction

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5
Q

What is the most common class of antidepressant that is prescribed?

A

Serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor

Sertraline
Fluoxetine
Paroxetine
Escitolopram
Citalopram

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6
Q

What serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor is the only drug that undergoes first pass metabolism?

A

Sertraline

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7
Q

What serotonin selective reuptake inhibitor has the longest half-life?

A

Fluoxetine

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8
Q

How many times do you usually take SSRI’s a day?

A

Once daily due to long half life

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9
Q

How are SSRIs mainly excreted?

A

by the kidneys

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10
Q

A patient stopped taking an antidepressant and is experiencing dizziness, vertigo, nausea, fatigue, and headaches, what class of antidepressant may they be taking?

A

Serotonin Selective reuptake inihbitors.

Could be experiencing SSRI discontinuation syndrome.
1/3 of patients experience this.

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11
Q

Adverse effects of SSRIs

A

Less common than MAOs and TCAs:
Dry mouth
GI
Agitation, insomnia
sexual dysfunction
SSRI discontinuation syndrome

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11
Q

What class of drug may be more effective for depression that comes along with chronic pain?

A

Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors

Venlafaxine
Duloxetine

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12
Q

Other than being an antidepressant, what can bupropion also be used for?

A

Decreasing craving and withdrawal symptoms for nicotine. Can help people to stop smoking.

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13
Q

What antidepressant drug is contraindicated in a patient who has a seizure disorder?

A

Bupropion

14
Q

Adverse effects of bupropion

A

Dry mouth
sweating
nervousness/tremor
increased risk for seizures at high dose

15
Q

Other than being an antidepressant, what can mirtazapine also do?

A

Has antihistamine activity which can be used as a sedative for people who have trouble sleeping.
Makes patients sleep better.

16
Q

What are some side effects of
trazodone and nefazodone?

A

Hepatotoxicity
Orthostasis
Dizziness

16
Q

What antidepressant drugs have antihistamine activity and are also sedatives?

A

Trazodone
Nefazodone
Mirtazapine

17
Q

When switching from a monoamine oxidase inhibitor to another antidepressant, what must you remember?

A

Wait a minimum of 2 weeks when switching to another therapy because it takes monoamine oxidase several weeks to regenerate after the medication is stopped.

18
Q

What type of antidepressant has extensive first-pass metabolism?

A

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors

Selegeline
Phenelzine
Tranlycypromine

19
Q

What category of antidepressants has amphetamine-like metabolites that stimulate the central nervous system?

A

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors

Selegeline
Phenelzine
Tranlycypromine

20
Q

A person is experiencing symptoms of serotonin syndrome from taking a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, what things might make her symptoms worse?

A

Other antidepressants
Food with tyramine
Amphetamines
OTC cold meds

21
Q

What antidepressant drug would you not give if someone has glaucoma?

A

Tricyclic antidepressant because it may increase IOP

Pharmacology (34 decks)

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