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Pharmacology > Estrogens and Androgens > Flashcards

Estrogens and Androgens Flashcards

1
Q

What are some clinical uses for estrogens? (9)

A

Contraception
Infertility
Hormone replacement therapy
Stimulate development in women with hypogonadism
Treat premature menopause
Treat premature ovarian failure
Treat osteoporosis
Treat cancer

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2
Q

A woman comes in with uterine bleeding. She also has a higher risk of endometrial cancer. What medication might she be taking?

A

Estrogens

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3
Q

What is given with estrogen to decrease the risk of endometrial cancer?

A

progesterone

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4
Q

What are the side effects of taking estrogen?

A

Uterine bleeding
Endometrial cancer risk

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5
Q

What does a pulse dose of GnRH analogs stimulate?

A

Spermatogenesis
Testosterone production
Induces ovulation

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6
Q

What does chronic use of GnRH result in?

A

Decreased FSH and LH production

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7
Q

In men, what can be used to treat low sperm count and low testosterone?

A

Pulse does of GnRH

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8
Q

In women, what can be used to treat hypothalamic amenorrhea? (absence of period)

A

Pulse does of GnRH

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9
Q

In men, what can be used to treat advanced prostate cancer and prostatic hyperplasia?

A

Chronic/continuous dose of GnRh or Anti-antrogens (Bicalutamide, Nilutamide, Flutamide)

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10
Q

In women, what can be used to treat endometriosis, polycystic ovary disease, and other uterine disorders?

A

Chronic/continuous dose of GnRH

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11
Q

What causes a decrease in FSH/Lh when using a chronic dosage of GnRH?

A

Decrease in receptor density

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12
Q

What drug can be used in Palliative treatment of metastatic breast cancer Post-mastectomy or radiation prevention/treatment of osteoporosis and Infertility associated with anovulatory cycles?

A

Selective Estrogen-receptor modulatiors (SERM)

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13
Q

What are Selective Estrogen-Receptor Modulators used for?

A

Palliative treatment of metastatic breast cancer
Post-mastectomy or radiation
Prevention/treatment of osteoporosis
Infertility associated with anovulatory cycles

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14
Q

A woman is taking a SERM and has been having some ocular issues. What drug is she taking? What ocular effects could this cause?

A

Tamoxifen
Crystalline retinopathy

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15
Q

What are some side effects of taking a Selective Estrogen-Receptor Modulator? (SERM)

A

Tamoxifen Retinopathy (crystalline retinopathy)
hot flashes and nausea
drug interactions
Raloxifene leads to increased thrombosis and embolism

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16
Q

What hormone promotes the development of secretory endometrium in females?

A

Progestogens

17
Q

What are progestins used for?

A

Treatment of hormonal deficiency
Contraception
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding

18
Q

What are some adverse side effects of taking progestins?

A

Headache
Depression
Weight gain
Acne

19
Q

In the normal menstrual cycle, pulse dose release of GnRH leads to:

A

Production of FSH/LH from the pituitary
Production of estrogens

20
Q

What does an LH surge result in during the menstrual cycle?

A

Ovulation

21
Q

If a female wants to abort her baby early in the pregnancy, what drug is given?

A

Mifepristone
(Anti-progestin)

22
Q

Where are androgens produced?

A

Testes, ovaries, adrenal gland

23
Q

What are the anabolic effects of taking androgens? (4)

A

Promotes bone growth
Prevents bone reabsorption
Develops internal genitalia
Increases muscle mass

24
Q

What are the androgenic effects of taking androgens?

A

Develop male secondary sexual characteristics

25
Q

What is used in order to increase low testosterone and increase lean mass, muscle strength, and endurance?

A

Androgen (testosterone)

26
Q

Can regular testosterone be given orally?

A

No, must be injected

27
Q

How are derivatives of testosterone given?

A

Orally

28
Q

Side effects of taking testosterone (androgens)

A

Abnormal sexual maturation and growth disturbances in children
Increase LDL and decrease HDL
Increase risk for coronary heart disease
Fluid retention
Increased aggression
Mood disorders

29
Q

Most potent estrogen produced by the ovary
Principle estrogen in premenopausal women

A

Estradiol

30
Q

Principle estrogen in postmenopause women

A

Estrone

31
Q

Estrogen that is produced by the placenta and not produced in the ovary. It is present in significant amounts during pregnancy

A

Estriol

32
Q

What drug causes the regression of breast tumors but increases the risk for uterine cancer?

A

Tamoxifen

33
Q

What drug causes the regression of breast tumors and decreases bone reabsorption and is good for osteoporosis?

A

Raloxifene

34
Q

What drug’s main effect is to block estrogen-mediated negative feedback in the pituitary?

A

Clomiphene

35
Q

What two drugs are used for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer?

A

Bicalutamide and Nilutamide

Pharmacology (34 decks)

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