Methods Of Practise (12)

Question 0

In the whole practise method the skill is…

Answer 0

Practiced as a whole, without any attempt to break it down into sub-routines

Question 1

Four main methods are:

Answer 1

Whole
Progressive part
Part
Whole-part-whole

Question 2

Whole practise method is suitable for skills that have a…

Answer 2

High level of complexity and are difficult to break down

Question 3

The progressive part method is when a skill is…

Answer 3

Broken down into parts then chained together

E.g. 
A 
A+B
A+B+C
A+B+C+D
ABCDE as a whole

Question 4

Part method is when a particular skill is…

Answer 4

Broken down into parts
You can do this with skills that are complex but low in organization
E.g. A swimming stroke may be broken down into an arm action, leg action and body position and breathing technique

Question 5

Whole-part-whole is a development of the part method, first the performer…

Answer 5

Tries the skill as a whole
Usually a performer moving from cognitive to associative
This gives the performer a feel for the movements in their entirety and develops their initial understanding of the skill
Then the skill is broken down into parts, each part improved/perfected and then practised as a whole
(So performer doesn’t forget the sequence)

Question 6

Whole-part-whole should be done all in one…

Answer 6

Training session

E.g.
Performing ABCDE
Perform B on own (can decide how many parts to break down)
Perform ABCDE as a whole

Question 7

When to use the method?

Answer 7

The nature of the skill
The stage of the learning/learner
The maturity and experience of the learner
Whether or not there are safety considerations

Question 8

Advantages of whole:

Answer 8

Develop kinaesthetic awareness
Understand the relationship between different sub routines immediately
Experience the timing needed to execute the skill successfully
Develop own schema

Question 9

Disadvantages of whole:

Answer 9

Difficult to use with complex skills
May be difficult for novice performers to execute initially
It is not ideal for dangerous skills

Question 10

Advantages of part:

Answer 10

Complex skills can be broken down into different subroutines and learned in stages
Specific aspects of the technique can be modified
Allows the performer to develop confidence when practising the skill
Reduces the element of risk
Allows the performer periods of recovery during physically demanding skills
Allows for staged success which can build motivation

Question 11

Disadvantages of part:

Answer 11

Hinders the development of continuity and timing of the complete skill
Reduces overall kinaesthetic awareness
Transfer from part to whole may not be effective
Time consuming

Question 12

Advantages of progressive-part:

Answer 12

Complex skills can be broken down and introduced gradually
Novice performers can achieve success
Retain focus for performers with limited attention span
Development of an understanding of the relationships between the subroutines
Minimises the risk involved with potentially dangerous skills
Transfer to whole skill can be made easier

Question 13

Disadvantages of progressive-part:

Answer 13

Time consuming

Performer may become too focused on one particular subroutine

Question 14

Advantages of whole-part-whole:

Answer 14

Overall feel for the movement is developed initially

Success is continuous by developing the weaker subroutines

Question 15

Disadvantages of whole-part-whole:

Answer 15

Transfer from the part to the whole skill may be difficult

Some skills are difficult to break down as the overall timing may be affected

Question 16

Ideal conditions for whole:

Answer 16

Skill is simple, discrete
Subroutines all meaning if isolated
Performer is motivated/pays attention
Performer is experienced or approaching the autonomous stage

Question 17

Ideal conditions for part:

Answer 17

Complex skill (hurdling)
Skill involves long sequences (gymnastics routine)
Low levels of organisation (swimming)
Performer has limited motivation and attention span
Performer is inexperienced

Question 18

Ideal conditions for progressive part:

Answer 18

Complex skill
Serial skill
Dangerous skill
Time is not a constraint 
Performer has limited motivation and attention span
Performer is inexperienced

Question 19

Ideal conditions for using whole-part-whole:

Answer 19

When the skill can be easily broken down