Feedback(12) Flashcards
Feedback is vital to learning and can be used to correct…
Errors, reinforce correct movements and to aid its retention and to motivate the learner
The learner receives information about the movement and its outcome…
During or after the movement and from internal and external sources
9 types of feedback are:
Intrinsic Extrinsic Terminal Concurrent Positive Negative Delayed Knowledge of results Knowledge of performance
Intrinsic feedback is internal, information is received from the sensory system within muscles, tendons and ligaments.
These senses are known as…
Proprioceptors and feed into the brain about the movement
Intrinsic feedback is also known as kinaesthetic feedback, an experienced performer will know if it was a skill successfully or unsuccessfully executed before they see the result and is most often used by…
Autonomous performera
Extrinsic feedback is external feedback that the performer receives outside of themselves it can come from…
Coach/teacher/teammates/
spectators
Extrinsic feedback is mostly used with…
Cognitive/associative stages of learning
Terminal/delayed feedback is given to the performer…
After the movement/skill has been completed
Concurrent/continuous feedback is given to a performer…
During the performance
Concurrent can come in 2 forms:
Intrinsic
Extrinsic
Concurrent only works if the performer has…
Room for the feedback,
Performer needs ‘spare attention’
So normally used with a more experienced performer
Positive feedback occurs when..
The skill/movement is correct
Positive is used to…
Reinforce the correct action
Motivate the performer to repeat the action next time
Positive can be used when the performer does the whole skill or part of the skill…
Correctly
Negative is used when the movement/skill was…
Incorrect or unsuccessful
Negative is normally extrinsic through the…
Coach or through seeing that the skill was unsuccessful
Negative feedback can be used more frequently when the performer is…
Experienced and confident
Delayed feedback is a form of…
Terminal feedback
Delayed is given after performance as the coach…
Waits for some time to give the feedback
Delayed allows the performer to…
Reflect up own performance first or allows them to calm down after a period of high emotion
Delayed feedback however should not be…
Too delayed as it may be hard for performer to recall what they did
Delayed can be in 4 forms:
Intrinsic
Extrinsic
Positive
Negative
Knowledge of results is knowing how you have done depending on the…
Outcome or movement
KR : a performer may do this for themselves or may receive it from…
A coach/teacher/official
Knowledge of performance is…
How well the movement was executed - how close to the perfect model was the skill?
KP may follow KR- allowing a coach to maybe…
Explain why it didn’t go to plan and how this may be corrected in the future
KP generally a performer will move through the stage of learning quicker of they…
Receive lots of KP
KP has become easier in recent years due to…
Slow motion and performance enhancing software
KP is normally extrinsic but can be…
Intrinsic due to how the skill felt
If a skill is highly complex then what type of feedback is used?
Terminal
If using concurrent for a highly complex skill it can be…
Ignored as they’re concentrating on performance
To motivate a performer doing a highly complex skill then use:
Positive terminal feedback
Situation with lots of crowd noise then…
Delayed feedback is used
Feedback is important as it is a…
Vital part of learning
Without feedback:
Little learning will take place
Performers cannot become critically self-aware, unless they receive feedback first (extrinsic)
Feedback enables gained performers to develop a…
Schema, allows them to develop skilled reactions
Feedback enables performers to…
Reflect and apply feedback
