A Balanced Diet Flashcards
A balanced diet contains proportions of:
Carbohydrates, fats and proteins
Minerals, vitamins, water and fibre
Needed to maintain good health
Carbohydrate makes up 60% and is the…
Principal energy giver
Fats make up 20-25% and are the…
Storage of energy
Another source of energy
Carrier of fat soluble vitamins
Protein makes up 10-15% and are essential for…
Growth, body building and repair
Energy balance is when…
Energy input (via food) is equal to energy output (via metabolism including exercise)
ENERGY INTAKE = ENERGY OUTPUT
Body weight will remain constant
To achieve a balanced diet;
Decrease dietary fat, especially saturated fats
Decrease the amount of salt
Increase complex carbohydrates
Increase minerals such as calcium and iron (especially for females)
Glucose is absorbed in the…
Small intestine
Glucose is used as…
Fuel in the liver
Then stored as liver glycogen
Transported as glucose in the blood to other tissues
Used as an immediate source of energy
Or converted and stored as muscle glycogen
Fats are absorbed as…
Fatty acids or glycerol in the small intestine
Fatty acids are used as…
Fuel in the liver
Stored as triglycerides in adipose tissue or skeletal muscle
Recalled from fat deposits to the liver
Converted to glucose
Enters the kreb’s cycle in aerobic respiration
