Menopause

Question 1

define

Answer 1

no periods for a period of more than 12 months

Question 2

what define perimenopause?

Answer 2

irregular periods

Question 3

average age of women entering menopause

Answer 3

51

Question 4

early menopause age

Answer 4

40-44

Question 5

what is premature ovarian insufficiency

Answer 5

entering menopause under 40

Question 6

how long do symptoms last?

Answer 6

average of 7 years

Question 7

presentation of menopause

Answer 7

amenorrhoea
GU= dry vagina, painful sex, urinary symptoms
mood swings
night sweats
hot flushes
dry skin
acne
dry hair
tiredness

Question 8

diagnosis

Answer 8

-FSH levels x 2 (6 weeks apart) is indicated if:
 Women >45 with atypical symptoms
 In women 40-45 with menopausal symptoms and/or iatrogenic amenorrhoea e.g. IUS, hysterectomy (TAH, endometrial ablation, etc.)
-FSH, E2, TFT, glucose, prolactin and FAI should be checked if:
 Woman <40
 Check chromosomes and AI disorders in women <35

Question 9

lifestyle management of menopause

Answer 9

diet
BMI
exercise
sleep
smoking
alcohol
stress
environment= cooler, ventilation

Question 10

alternative therapies

Answer 10

antidepressants
acupuncture
hypnotherapy
herbal

Question 11

pharmacological management of menopause

Answer 11

HRT given until 51

vaginal oestrogen

Question 12

adverse of HRT

Answer 12

breast cancer
VTE
CVD